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Table of Contents
Intro
Series preface
Preface
Acknowledgement
Editor biography
Jian Liu
List of contributors
Chapter 1 Research and application of reflective microscopy
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Current situation of research on reflective microscopy
1.3 The current situation of application of reflective microscopy
1.4 Summary
References
Chapter 2 Apodization factor and linearly polarized light focusing properties of elliptical mirror
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Elliptical mirror model
2.3 Apodization factor
2.4 Apodization factor under different parametric variables
2.4.1 Apodization factor in terms of z
2.4.2 Apodization factor in terms of θ
2.5 Focusing properties based on the vector theory
2.5.1 Vector theories
2.5.2 Three-dimensional expression of the focused electric field
2.5.3 Numerical simulation of the focusing field
2.6 Comparison of focusing properties among elliptical mirror, parabolic mirror and lens
2.7 Summary
References
Chapter 3 Focusing characteristic of polarized light
3.1 Basic model of an elliptical mirror
3.2 Vector focus model of elliptical mirror with extra high aperture angle
3.2.1 Analysis of focusing characteristic of elliptical mirror under circularly polarized illumination
3.2.2 Analysis of focusing characteristics of the elliptical mirror under radially polarized illumination
3.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 Imaging analysis of dipole vector in an elliptical mirror
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Imaging model of dipole vector in elliptical mirror
4.3 Imaging characteristics of the electric dipole in the elliptical mirror
4.4 Imaging characteristics of the electric dipole in a dual-lens system
4.5 Comparison on imaging characteristics of dipole in elliptical mirror, parabolic mirror and lens
4.6 Summary
References.
Chapter 5 Scalar approximation for the focusing property of an elliptical mirror
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Influence factors of focusing property
5.2.1 Apodization factor
5.2.2 Polarization state
5.2.3 Wave aberration
5.3 Apodization factor of elliptical mirror
5.3.1 Apodization factor of thin lens
5.3.2 Apodization factor of the elliptical mirror with rotational symmetry
5.4 Analysis on focusing property of elliptical mirror
5.4.1 Focusing property of elliptical mirror with circular aperture
5.4.2 Focusing property of elliptical mirror with ring-shaped aperture
5.5 Comparative analysis on vector diffraction model
5.6 Summary
References
Chapter 6 Aberration analysis of an elliptical mirror with a high numerical aperture
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Analysis of geometrical aberration of elliptical mirror
6.2.1 Reflected ray formula of elliptical mirror
6.2.2 Analysis of the aberration coefficient of a single rotating elliptical mirror
6.3 Diffraction integral in the presence of aberration
6.3.1 Debye diffraction integral in the presence of aberration
6.3.2 Strehl intensity
6.4 Zernike circle polynomial expansion of aberration function
6.4.1 Transference theorem
6.4.2 Zernike circle polynomial
6.5 Primary aberration and its influence on the focusing characteristic of the elliptical mirror
6.5.1 Primary spherical aberration
6.5.2 Primary coma
6.5.3 Primary astigmatism
6.5.4 Field curvature and distortion
6.5.5 Aberration tolerance of elliptical mirror
6.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7 Three-dimensional transfer function
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Point spread function
7.2.1 Coherent transfer function
7.2.2 Optical transfer function of elliptical mirror
7.3 Three-dimensional transfer function of an elliptical reflective confocal microscopic system.
7.3.1 Coherent transfer function of elliptical reflective confocal microscopic system
7.3.2 Two-dimensional transfer function of the elliptical reflective confocal microscopic imaging system
7.4 Summary
References
Chapter 8 Design and application of an aspherical mirror
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Basic knowledge
8.2.1 Mathematical representation of aspherical surface
8.2.2 Taylor series
8.3 Design of reflective objective
8.3.1 Head design model
8.3.2 Aperture diaphragm and field diaphragm
8.4 Decoupled model based on the Taylor series expansion
8.4.1 Taylor series expansion of the Head polar coordinate model
8.4.2 Taylor series expansion of a quadric surface
8.4.3 Determination of reflective objective parameters
8.4.4 Derivation and truncation error of a high-order aspherical surface parameter
8.4.5 Effect of numerical aperture on a decoupled model
8.5 Design method based on an obscuration constraint
8.5.1 Analysis of the obscuration effect on a reflective objective
8.5.2 Obscuration constraint model
8.5.3 Design method based on obscuration constraint
8.6 Industrial application
8.6.1 Structural parameter calculation
8.6.2 Obscuration verification
8.6.3 Analysis of initial configuration imaging characteristics
8.6.4 Whole equipment and specific application
8.7 Summary
References
Chapter 9 Elliptical mirror applied in TIRF microscopy
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Background
9.3 Basic theory
9.4 Experiments
9.5 Summary
References.
Series preface
Preface
Acknowledgement
Editor biography
Jian Liu
List of contributors
Chapter 1 Research and application of reflective microscopy
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Current situation of research on reflective microscopy
1.3 The current situation of application of reflective microscopy
1.4 Summary
References
Chapter 2 Apodization factor and linearly polarized light focusing properties of elliptical mirror
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Elliptical mirror model
2.3 Apodization factor
2.4 Apodization factor under different parametric variables
2.4.1 Apodization factor in terms of z
2.4.2 Apodization factor in terms of θ
2.5 Focusing properties based on the vector theory
2.5.1 Vector theories
2.5.2 Three-dimensional expression of the focused electric field
2.5.3 Numerical simulation of the focusing field
2.6 Comparison of focusing properties among elliptical mirror, parabolic mirror and lens
2.7 Summary
References
Chapter 3 Focusing characteristic of polarized light
3.1 Basic model of an elliptical mirror
3.2 Vector focus model of elliptical mirror with extra high aperture angle
3.2.1 Analysis of focusing characteristic of elliptical mirror under circularly polarized illumination
3.2.2 Analysis of focusing characteristics of the elliptical mirror under radially polarized illumination
3.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 Imaging analysis of dipole vector in an elliptical mirror
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Imaging model of dipole vector in elliptical mirror
4.3 Imaging characteristics of the electric dipole in the elliptical mirror
4.4 Imaging characteristics of the electric dipole in a dual-lens system
4.5 Comparison on imaging characteristics of dipole in elliptical mirror, parabolic mirror and lens
4.6 Summary
References.
Chapter 5 Scalar approximation for the focusing property of an elliptical mirror
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Influence factors of focusing property
5.2.1 Apodization factor
5.2.2 Polarization state
5.2.3 Wave aberration
5.3 Apodization factor of elliptical mirror
5.3.1 Apodization factor of thin lens
5.3.2 Apodization factor of the elliptical mirror with rotational symmetry
5.4 Analysis on focusing property of elliptical mirror
5.4.1 Focusing property of elliptical mirror with circular aperture
5.4.2 Focusing property of elliptical mirror with ring-shaped aperture
5.5 Comparative analysis on vector diffraction model
5.6 Summary
References
Chapter 6 Aberration analysis of an elliptical mirror with a high numerical aperture
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Analysis of geometrical aberration of elliptical mirror
6.2.1 Reflected ray formula of elliptical mirror
6.2.2 Analysis of the aberration coefficient of a single rotating elliptical mirror
6.3 Diffraction integral in the presence of aberration
6.3.1 Debye diffraction integral in the presence of aberration
6.3.2 Strehl intensity
6.4 Zernike circle polynomial expansion of aberration function
6.4.1 Transference theorem
6.4.2 Zernike circle polynomial
6.5 Primary aberration and its influence on the focusing characteristic of the elliptical mirror
6.5.1 Primary spherical aberration
6.5.2 Primary coma
6.5.3 Primary astigmatism
6.5.4 Field curvature and distortion
6.5.5 Aberration tolerance of elliptical mirror
6.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7 Three-dimensional transfer function
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Point spread function
7.2.1 Coherent transfer function
7.2.2 Optical transfer function of elliptical mirror
7.3 Three-dimensional transfer function of an elliptical reflective confocal microscopic system.
7.3.1 Coherent transfer function of elliptical reflective confocal microscopic system
7.3.2 Two-dimensional transfer function of the elliptical reflective confocal microscopic imaging system
7.4 Summary
References
Chapter 8 Design and application of an aspherical mirror
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Basic knowledge
8.2.1 Mathematical representation of aspherical surface
8.2.2 Taylor series
8.3 Design of reflective objective
8.3.1 Head design model
8.3.2 Aperture diaphragm and field diaphragm
8.4 Decoupled model based on the Taylor series expansion
8.4.1 Taylor series expansion of the Head polar coordinate model
8.4.2 Taylor series expansion of a quadric surface
8.4.3 Determination of reflective objective parameters
8.4.4 Derivation and truncation error of a high-order aspherical surface parameter
8.4.5 Effect of numerical aperture on a decoupled model
8.5 Design method based on an obscuration constraint
8.5.1 Analysis of the obscuration effect on a reflective objective
8.5.2 Obscuration constraint model
8.5.3 Design method based on obscuration constraint
8.6 Industrial application
8.6.1 Structural parameter calculation
8.6.2 Obscuration verification
8.6.3 Analysis of initial configuration imaging characteristics
8.6.4 Whole equipment and specific application
8.7 Summary
References
Chapter 9 Elliptical mirror applied in TIRF microscopy
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Background
9.3 Basic theory
9.4 Experiments
9.5 Summary
References.