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Table of Contents
Cover
Title
Copyright
End User License Agreement
Contents
Preface
Dedication
List of Contributors
Osteoporosis and Chronic Liver Disease
Tsai Yi-Liang1,*
INTRODUCTION
OSTEOPOROSIS &
LIVER DISEASES
Viral Liver Disease
Hepatitis B Virus
Hepatitis C Virus
Autoimmune Liver Diseases
Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Autoimmune Hepatitis
Metabolic Liver Diseases
Alcoholic Liver Disease
Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease
Liver Fibrosis and Bone
Vitamin D
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Detection of Knee Osteoarthritis using Artificial Intelligence
Pongphak Thongpat1, Napat Pongsakonpruttikul1 and Chayanin Angthong1,*
INTRODUCTION
MATERIAL AND METHODS
DETECTION OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS BY AI
GRADING OF KOA: KELLGREN AND LAWRENCE CLASSIFICATION AND ITS SHORTCOMINGS
CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK: CLASSIFICATION MODEL
CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK: OBJECT DETECTION MODEL
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Role of Cytokines and Chemokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Hanan Hassan Omar1,*
INTRODUCTION
ROLE AND RELEVANCE OF CYTOKINES IN RA PATHOGENESIS
ROLE OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES
ROLE AND RELEVANCE OF CHEMOKINES IN RA PATHOGENESIS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Vitamin D and Immune System: Implications in Bone Health
Asha Bhardwaj1, Tamanna Sharma1, Sneha Das1, Leena Sapra1 and Rupesh K. Srivastava1,*
INTRODUCTION
OSTEOIMMUNOLOGY
VITAMIN D METABOLISM
EFFECTS OF VITAMIN D ON BONE
Osteoblast
Osteoclast
Osteocyte
IMMUNOMODULATORY ROLE OF VITAMIN D
EFFECTS OF VITAMIN D ON INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM
Monocytes/Macrophages
Dendritic Cells
EFFECTS OF VITAMIN D ON THE ADAPTIVE IMMUNE SYSTEM
T cells
B CELLS
TARGETING THE IMMUNOMODULATORY ROLE OF VITAMIN D FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF VARIOUS BONE PATHOLOGIES.
Vitamin D and Osteoporosis
Vitamin D and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Vitamin D and Osteoarthritis
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
Bone Water: Effects of Drugs on Bone Hydration Status
Mohammad Ahmed Khan1,*
INTRODUCTION
ROLE AND CONTENT OF WATER IN BONE
LOCATION OF WATER IN BONE
VARIATION IN BONE WATER CONTENT
Bone Type
Ageing
Gender
Pathogenic Conditions
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY WATER AND BONE WATER
CORRELATION BETWEEN DEHYDRATION AND BONE PATHOLOGIES
DRUG-INDUCED WATER LOSS
Drugs May Lead to Decreased Thirst
Drugs May Increase Water Elimination
FUTURE DIRECTION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Dietary Patterns and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi1,* and Ali Hojati1
INTRODUCTION
MEDITERRANEAN DIET
DASH DIET
VEGETARIAN DIET
WESTERN DIET
OTHER DIETS AND RA
Gluten-free Diet
Intermittent Fasting
INDIVIDUAL FOOD ITEMS AND THEIR ROLE IN RA
Dietary Fibers
Fruits and Vegetables
Fish
Olive Oil
Meat
Dairy Products
Salt
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Self-perceived Quality of Life in South Asian and British White Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in the East Midlands, UK
A.M. Ghelani1, A. Moorthy2, L. Goh2, A. Samanta2, Puneetpal Singh3 and Sarabjit Mastana1,*
INTRODUCTION
METHODS
RESULTS
Age and Gender Distribution
Age of Onset and Duration of Disease
Severity and Pain Perception
Mobility and Exercise
Medications
Other Lifestyle Aspects
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Subject Index.
Title
Copyright
End User License Agreement
Contents
Preface
Dedication
List of Contributors
Osteoporosis and Chronic Liver Disease
Tsai Yi-Liang1,*
INTRODUCTION
OSTEOPOROSIS &
LIVER DISEASES
Viral Liver Disease
Hepatitis B Virus
Hepatitis C Virus
Autoimmune Liver Diseases
Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Autoimmune Hepatitis
Metabolic Liver Diseases
Alcoholic Liver Disease
Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease
Liver Fibrosis and Bone
Vitamin D
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Detection of Knee Osteoarthritis using Artificial Intelligence
Pongphak Thongpat1, Napat Pongsakonpruttikul1 and Chayanin Angthong1,*
INTRODUCTION
MATERIAL AND METHODS
DETECTION OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS BY AI
GRADING OF KOA: KELLGREN AND LAWRENCE CLASSIFICATION AND ITS SHORTCOMINGS
CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK: CLASSIFICATION MODEL
CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK: OBJECT DETECTION MODEL
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Role of Cytokines and Chemokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Hanan Hassan Omar1,*
INTRODUCTION
ROLE AND RELEVANCE OF CYTOKINES IN RA PATHOGENESIS
ROLE OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES
ROLE AND RELEVANCE OF CHEMOKINES IN RA PATHOGENESIS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Vitamin D and Immune System: Implications in Bone Health
Asha Bhardwaj1, Tamanna Sharma1, Sneha Das1, Leena Sapra1 and Rupesh K. Srivastava1,*
INTRODUCTION
OSTEOIMMUNOLOGY
VITAMIN D METABOLISM
EFFECTS OF VITAMIN D ON BONE
Osteoblast
Osteoclast
Osteocyte
IMMUNOMODULATORY ROLE OF VITAMIN D
EFFECTS OF VITAMIN D ON INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM
Monocytes/Macrophages
Dendritic Cells
EFFECTS OF VITAMIN D ON THE ADAPTIVE IMMUNE SYSTEM
T cells
B CELLS
TARGETING THE IMMUNOMODULATORY ROLE OF VITAMIN D FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF VARIOUS BONE PATHOLOGIES.
Vitamin D and Osteoporosis
Vitamin D and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Vitamin D and Osteoarthritis
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES
Bone Water: Effects of Drugs on Bone Hydration Status
Mohammad Ahmed Khan1,*
INTRODUCTION
ROLE AND CONTENT OF WATER IN BONE
LOCATION OF WATER IN BONE
VARIATION IN BONE WATER CONTENT
Bone Type
Ageing
Gender
Pathogenic Conditions
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY WATER AND BONE WATER
CORRELATION BETWEEN DEHYDRATION AND BONE PATHOLOGIES
DRUG-INDUCED WATER LOSS
Drugs May Lead to Decreased Thirst
Drugs May Increase Water Elimination
FUTURE DIRECTION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Dietary Patterns and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi1,* and Ali Hojati1
INTRODUCTION
MEDITERRANEAN DIET
DASH DIET
VEGETARIAN DIET
WESTERN DIET
OTHER DIETS AND RA
Gluten-free Diet
Intermittent Fasting
INDIVIDUAL FOOD ITEMS AND THEIR ROLE IN RA
Dietary Fibers
Fruits and Vegetables
Fish
Olive Oil
Meat
Dairy Products
Salt
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Self-perceived Quality of Life in South Asian and British White Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in the East Midlands, UK
A.M. Ghelani1, A. Moorthy2, L. Goh2, A. Samanta2, Puneetpal Singh3 and Sarabjit Mastana1,*
INTRODUCTION
METHODS
RESULTS
Age and Gender Distribution
Age of Onset and Duration of Disease
Severity and Pain Perception
Mobility and Exercise
Medications
Other Lifestyle Aspects
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Subject Index.