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Table of Contents
Cover
Surface Chemistry of Colloidal Nanocrystals
Dedication
Preface
List of Abbreviations
Contents
Chapter 1 - Inorganic Nanocrystals and Surfaces: An Overview
1.1 Nanoparticles and Nanotechnology
1.2 A Brief History of Nanoparticles
1.2.1 What About Surfaces
1.3 Fundamentals of the Surface Properties of Colloidal Particles
1.3.1 Surface Free Energy
1.3.2 Mechanisms of Surface Energy Compensation
1.3.3 Adsorption on Solid Surfaces
1.4 Stabilization of Inorganic Colloids
1.4.1 Non- coated Particles
1.4.2 Surface- coated Particles
1.5 Surfaces at the Nanoscale
1.6 Surfaces, Interfaces and Beyond
1.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2 - Water- compatible Colloidal Nanocrystals
2.1 Morphologically Uniform Colloidal Particles
2.2 Bare Inorganic Nanocrystals
2.3 Inorganic Nanocrystals Stabilized by Adsorption of Foreign Species
2.4 Surface Modification and Functionalization of Nanocrystals
2.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 - Colloidal Nanocrystals with Surface Organic Ligands
3.1 Surface Organic- coated Nanocrystals: A Snapshot on Dynamic Surfaces
3.2 Synthesis of Colloidal Nanocrystals in Coordinating Solvents
3.2.1 Hot- injection Methods
3.2.2 Single- source Approach
3.2.3 Batch Heating
3.2.4 Nanocluster- assisted Synthesis
3.2.5 Microfluidic and Flow- assisted Methods
3.3 Chemical Bonding and Structure at Surfaces
3.4 Morphochemistry Via Nanocrystal Facets
3.5 Chiral Colloidal Nanocrystals
3.6 From Colloidal Nanocrystals to Hybrid Superlattices
3.6.1 Self- assembly as a Nanofabrication Process
3.6.2 Inter- particle Driving Forces in the Self- assembly of Nanocrystals
3.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 - Polymer-Inorganic Colloidal Nanocomposites
4.1 Introduction.
4.2 Synthetic and Naturally Occurring Polymers for the Surface Modification of Nanocrystals
4.2.1 Biopolymers
4.2.2 Synthetic Polymers
4.3 Types and Structures of Polymer-Inorganic Colloidal Nanocomposites
4.3.1 Core-Shell Structures
4.3.2 Janus Structures
4.3.3 Brush- like Structures
4.4 Chemical Methods of Preparation
4.4.1 Attachment of Preformed Inorganic and Polymer Components
4.4.1.1 Attachment of Polymers to Inorganic Nanoparticles
4.4.1.2 Attachment of Preformed Polymeric and Inorganic Nanoparticles
4.4.2 In Situ Polymerization in the Presence of Inorganic Nanoparticles
4.4.2.1 "Grafting from" Approach
4.4.2.2 Seeded Emulsion Polymerization
4.4.2.3 Pickering Emulsions
4.4.2.4 Bio- hybrid Coatings
4.4.3 In Situ Formation of Inorganic Nanoparticles in Polymers and Polymer Particles
4.4.3.1 Growth of Inorganic Nanoparticles in Polymers
4.4.3.2 Growth of Inorganic Nanoparticles on Polymer Nanoparticles
4.4.4 In Situ Formation of Both Inorganic and Polymer Components
4.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5 - Inorganic Nanocrystals and Biointerfaces
5.1 Introduction
5.2 The Nano-Bio Interface
5.2.1 Forces and Interactions at the Nano-Bio Interface
5.2.2 How the Characteristics of Nanocrystals Affect Adsorbed Biomolecules
5.2.2.1 Effects of Particle Size and Surface Curvature
5.2.2.2 Effects of Particle Shape, Crystal Facets and Surface Roughness
5.2.2.3 Effects of Surface Charge, Hydrophobicity and Surface Functionality
5.2.3 Biomolecular Corona
5.2.3.1 General Aspects of Protein Corona
5.2.3.2 Protein Corona in Nanocrystals
5.2.3.3 Protein Corona in Au Nanocrystals
5.2.3.4 Protein Corona in Ag Nanocrystals
5.2.3.5 Protein Corona in Ferrite Nanocrystals
5.2.3.6 Protein Corona in Quantum Dots.
5.3 Ligands for the Surface Bioconjugation of Nanocrystals
5.3.1 Targeting Ligands
5.3.1.1 Small Molecules
5.3.1.2 Peptides
5.3.1.3 Proteins and Antibodies
5.3.1.4 Aptamers
5.3.2 Imaging Agents
5.3.3 Therapeutic Agents
5.3.4 Catalytic Agents
5.3.5 Stealth Ligands
5.4 Surface Functionalization and Bioconjugation Strategies
5.4.1 Surface Prefunctionalization
5.4.2 Bioconjugation
5.4.2.1 Common Conjugation Reactions
5.4.2.2 Avidin-Biotin Chemistry
5.4.2.3 PEGylation
5.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6 - Applications of Colloidal Nanocrystals
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Applications in Water Treatment Technologies
6.2.1 Adsorption of Pollutants
6.2.2 Photodegradation
6.2.3 Water Disinfection
6.2.4 Multiple Water Treatments
6.2.5 Future Directions in the Application of Colloidal Nanocrystals for Water Treatment
6.3 Applications in Nanomedicine
6.3.1 Nanocrystals to Cross Biological Barriers in Drug Delivery
6.3.2 Multimodal Therapy
6.3.3 Multimodal Imaging
6.3.4 Theranostics
6.3.5 Future Directions in the Application of Colloidal Nanocrystals in Nanomedicine
6.4 Applications in Sensing
6.4.1 Colorimetric- and Fluorescence- based Detection
6.4.2 Detection Using SERS
6.4.3 Electrochemical Detection
6.4.4 Future Directions in the Application of Colloidal Nanocrystals for Nanosensing
References
Subject Index.
Surface Chemistry of Colloidal Nanocrystals
Dedication
Preface
List of Abbreviations
Contents
Chapter 1 - Inorganic Nanocrystals and Surfaces: An Overview
1.1 Nanoparticles and Nanotechnology
1.2 A Brief History of Nanoparticles
1.2.1 What About Surfaces
1.3 Fundamentals of the Surface Properties of Colloidal Particles
1.3.1 Surface Free Energy
1.3.2 Mechanisms of Surface Energy Compensation
1.3.3 Adsorption on Solid Surfaces
1.4 Stabilization of Inorganic Colloids
1.4.1 Non- coated Particles
1.4.2 Surface- coated Particles
1.5 Surfaces at the Nanoscale
1.6 Surfaces, Interfaces and Beyond
1.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2 - Water- compatible Colloidal Nanocrystals
2.1 Morphologically Uniform Colloidal Particles
2.2 Bare Inorganic Nanocrystals
2.3 Inorganic Nanocrystals Stabilized by Adsorption of Foreign Species
2.4 Surface Modification and Functionalization of Nanocrystals
2.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 - Colloidal Nanocrystals with Surface Organic Ligands
3.1 Surface Organic- coated Nanocrystals: A Snapshot on Dynamic Surfaces
3.2 Synthesis of Colloidal Nanocrystals in Coordinating Solvents
3.2.1 Hot- injection Methods
3.2.2 Single- source Approach
3.2.3 Batch Heating
3.2.4 Nanocluster- assisted Synthesis
3.2.5 Microfluidic and Flow- assisted Methods
3.3 Chemical Bonding and Structure at Surfaces
3.4 Morphochemistry Via Nanocrystal Facets
3.5 Chiral Colloidal Nanocrystals
3.6 From Colloidal Nanocrystals to Hybrid Superlattices
3.6.1 Self- assembly as a Nanofabrication Process
3.6.2 Inter- particle Driving Forces in the Self- assembly of Nanocrystals
3.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 - Polymer-Inorganic Colloidal Nanocomposites
4.1 Introduction.
4.2 Synthetic and Naturally Occurring Polymers for the Surface Modification of Nanocrystals
4.2.1 Biopolymers
4.2.2 Synthetic Polymers
4.3 Types and Structures of Polymer-Inorganic Colloidal Nanocomposites
4.3.1 Core-Shell Structures
4.3.2 Janus Structures
4.3.3 Brush- like Structures
4.4 Chemical Methods of Preparation
4.4.1 Attachment of Preformed Inorganic and Polymer Components
4.4.1.1 Attachment of Polymers to Inorganic Nanoparticles
4.4.1.2 Attachment of Preformed Polymeric and Inorganic Nanoparticles
4.4.2 In Situ Polymerization in the Presence of Inorganic Nanoparticles
4.4.2.1 "Grafting from" Approach
4.4.2.2 Seeded Emulsion Polymerization
4.4.2.3 Pickering Emulsions
4.4.2.4 Bio- hybrid Coatings
4.4.3 In Situ Formation of Inorganic Nanoparticles in Polymers and Polymer Particles
4.4.3.1 Growth of Inorganic Nanoparticles in Polymers
4.4.3.2 Growth of Inorganic Nanoparticles on Polymer Nanoparticles
4.4.4 In Situ Formation of Both Inorganic and Polymer Components
4.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5 - Inorganic Nanocrystals and Biointerfaces
5.1 Introduction
5.2 The Nano-Bio Interface
5.2.1 Forces and Interactions at the Nano-Bio Interface
5.2.2 How the Characteristics of Nanocrystals Affect Adsorbed Biomolecules
5.2.2.1 Effects of Particle Size and Surface Curvature
5.2.2.2 Effects of Particle Shape, Crystal Facets and Surface Roughness
5.2.2.3 Effects of Surface Charge, Hydrophobicity and Surface Functionality
5.2.3 Biomolecular Corona
5.2.3.1 General Aspects of Protein Corona
5.2.3.2 Protein Corona in Nanocrystals
5.2.3.3 Protein Corona in Au Nanocrystals
5.2.3.4 Protein Corona in Ag Nanocrystals
5.2.3.5 Protein Corona in Ferrite Nanocrystals
5.2.3.6 Protein Corona in Quantum Dots.
5.3 Ligands for the Surface Bioconjugation of Nanocrystals
5.3.1 Targeting Ligands
5.3.1.1 Small Molecules
5.3.1.2 Peptides
5.3.1.3 Proteins and Antibodies
5.3.1.4 Aptamers
5.3.2 Imaging Agents
5.3.3 Therapeutic Agents
5.3.4 Catalytic Agents
5.3.5 Stealth Ligands
5.4 Surface Functionalization and Bioconjugation Strategies
5.4.1 Surface Prefunctionalization
5.4.2 Bioconjugation
5.4.2.1 Common Conjugation Reactions
5.4.2.2 Avidin-Biotin Chemistry
5.4.2.3 PEGylation
5.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6 - Applications of Colloidal Nanocrystals
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Applications in Water Treatment Technologies
6.2.1 Adsorption of Pollutants
6.2.2 Photodegradation
6.2.3 Water Disinfection
6.2.4 Multiple Water Treatments
6.2.5 Future Directions in the Application of Colloidal Nanocrystals for Water Treatment
6.3 Applications in Nanomedicine
6.3.1 Nanocrystals to Cross Biological Barriers in Drug Delivery
6.3.2 Multimodal Therapy
6.3.3 Multimodal Imaging
6.3.4 Theranostics
6.3.5 Future Directions in the Application of Colloidal Nanocrystals in Nanomedicine
6.4 Applications in Sensing
6.4.1 Colorimetric- and Fluorescence- based Detection
6.4.2 Detection Using SERS
6.4.3 Electrochemical Detection
6.4.4 Future Directions in the Application of Colloidal Nanocrystals for Nanosensing
References
Subject Index.