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Table of Contents
Intro
Preface
Editor biographies
Panagiotis Charitos
Theodore Arabatzis
Harry Cliff
Günther Dissertori
Juliette Forneris
Jason Li-Ying
List of contributors
Chapter 1 Introduction to part I: Voices from European Big Science Organizations
Chapter 2 CERN: the study of the infinitesimally small and the rise of Big Science
2.1 The rise of Big Science: a brief account
2.2 The birth of CERN
2.3 CERN's knowledge transfer mechanisms
2.3.1 A diverse hub for scientific knowledge: benefits to the scientific community
2.3.2 From idea creation to knowledge transfer: the path from CERN to society
2.4 Procurement activities and industry
2.5 Human capital formation
2.6 Lessons and future steps
2.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 Assessing the socio-economic impacts of Big Science: case studies from the science and exploration programmes of the European Space Agency (ESA)
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Methodological approach
3.2.1 Objectives and principles
3.2.2 Understanding the specifics of science and exploration
3.2.3 Pragmatic approach and further investigation
3.3 A closer look at the socio-economic impacts of the science and exploration programme
3.3.1 The socio-economic impacts of ESA's exploration programme
3.3.2 The socio-economic impacts of ESA's science programme
3.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 Bringing value from Big Science projects to society: the view from ESO
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Scientific and engineering benefits
4.3 Economy and innovation benefits
4.4 Talent development benefits
4.5 Education and outreach
4.6 International collaboration and policy benefits
4.7 Closing thoughts: the future of understanding the value of Big Science.
Chapter 5 The low hanging fruit-the economic boost from the construction of large science infrastructure in the twenty-first century
5.1 Summary
5.2 Big Science and the development of modern industrial infrastructure
5.3 A changing context
5.4 Which fruit is ripening first?
5.5 The European ITER case
5.6 Industrial policies for Big Science
Acknowledgements and disclaimer
References
Chapter 6 Developing a business case for international research infrastructures: the European Spallation Source
6.1 Research infrastructures
6.2 The evolving decision-making context
6.3 The European Spallation Source
6.4 Scientific impact
6.5 In-kind contributions
6.6 Exploring the socio-economic impact of ESS
6.6.1 Publications
6.6.2 Communications and outreach
6.6.3 Impacts of constructing the facility
6.6.4 In-kind contributions
6.6.5 Economic benefit to the host region
6.6.6 Attracting new members
6.7 Concluding remarks
References
Chapter 7 Debating the impact of Big Science in the twenty-first century. ELI ERIC: from local to global-addressing the multiple dimensions of impact
7.1 Introduction
7.1.1 A new era for laser science and applications
7.1.2 The revolution of high-power, high-repetition lasers
7.1.3 ELI technology and application areas
7.1.4 ELI's institutional background and funding model
7.2 The various types and dimensions of ELI's expected socio-economic impact
7.2.1 Dimensions of impact
7.2.2 Scientific impact
7.2.3 ELI as a platform for innovation
7.2.4 Multi-faceted impact as a driver of the scientific community
7.3 ELI's delivered impact
7.3.1 Employment
7.3.2 Collaborations and partnerships
7.3.3 User groups for commissioning experiments
7.3.4 Publications
7.3.5 Industry
7.3.6 Education and training.
7.3.7 Communication and outreach
7.4 Summary
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 8 Industrial liaison officers, key intermediaries between Big Science organisations and their industrial suppliers
8.1 Introduction
8.2 The interaction between Big Science and industry
8.3 Best practices for the interactions between BSOs and industrial suppliers
8.3.1 Barriers for entering the Big Science market
8.3.2 Best practices and recommendations
8.4 Creating a consolidated European Big Science marketplace
8.5 Future perspectives of the Big Science market
8.5.1 Different perspectives on the Big Science market
8.5.2 Concerns and recommendations
8.5.3 The innovation ecosystem for Big Science
8.5.4 The formation of PERIIA
8.5.5 Recommendations from the ENRIITC project
8.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 9 Analytical research infrastructures and industry engagement: drivers, challenges, and impact
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Industry and ARIs: a rich land of opportunity
9.2.1 Pushing open the ARI doors for industry
9.2.2 Versatility and ecosystems for industry engagement
9.3 Examples of industry engagement
9.3.1 Industry as a user of ARI facilities
9.3.2 Industry as technology partner
9.3.3 Enterprises and research and technology organisations as intermediaries
9.4 A future perspective
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 10 The socio-economic impact of DORIS
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Science-historic background
10.3 Scientific and technological impacts
10.3.1 Particle physics
10.3.2 Accelerator science and technology
10.3.3 Photon science
10.3.4 Life sciences
10.4 Footprint of DORIS on the research system
10.5 Impact on people
10.6 Impact on economy
10.7 Impact on the region
10.8 Conclusions
References.
Chapter 11 A case study of Big Science at an IGO: how does EMBL respond to changes in societal norms?
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Does EMBL have a duty to respond to changes in societal norms?
11.2.1 EMBL's mission and programme
11.2.2 Societal impact
11.2.3 Relevant norms
11.2.4 Whose interpretation of norms prevails?
11.2.5 When do IGOs have the duty to respond to changes in societal norms?
11.3 Case studies: Big Science at EMBL
11.3.1 EMBL's scientific services
11.3.2 Open science: participating in a global movement
11.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12 Societal impact of Big Science organizations-a multifaced phenomenon
References
Chapter 13 Evaluating the impact of Big Science/research infrastructures
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Economic impact
13.3 Scientific impact
13.4 Societal impact
13.5 New dynamics in evaluation
13.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 14 The role of large research infrastructures for regional innovation**Some of the research featured in this chapter has received funding from the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) under Addendum FCC-GOV-CC-0185 (KE4819/ATS), defining LSE contribution under Article 6 of the Memorandum of Understanding for the Future Circular Collider Innovation Study (FCCIS) (FCC-GOV-CC-0004, EDMS 1390795) hosted by CERN. The FCCIS project has received funding from the European Union's Ho
14.1 Introduction
14.2 The role of collaboration in research and innovation
14.3 How can RIs procurement contribute to innovation?
14.4 How can knowledge from RI procurement spread to the rest of the economy?
14.4.1 Creation of new firms
14.4.2 Publications, patents, and technology licenses
14.4.3 Mobility of scientists and engineers
14.4.4 Multiple mechanisms at play
14.5 Conclusion
References.
Chapter 15 Rethinking how to maximise the impact of your research infrastructure
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Public funding and social acceptance: a changing paradigm
15.2.1 Increasing budgets and public interest
15.2.2 From peer review to public scrutiny
15.2.3 Mission-orientation and social responsibility in science
15.3 Many have a standing
15.3.1 Which impact and for whom
15.3.2 Managing expectations
15.4 A framework for socio-economic impact assessment
15.4.1 Mixed methods and indicator based approaches
15.4.2 Modelling the socio-economic impact assessment of RIs
15.4.3 Ownership and evaluation strategy
15.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 16 The socioeconomic impact of large scale research infrastructures: models, methods, and data
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Impact multipliers
16.3 Knowledge function approach
16.4 Social cost-benefit analysis
16.5 Multi-methods multiple indicators
16.6 Theory driven approaches
16.7 Case studies
16.8 Discussion and conclusions
References
Chapter 17 Socio-economic impact for the European Spallation Source (ESS)-a narrative and pathway development approach
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Socio-economic impact assessment: prior art and ESS methodology
17.2.1 Socio-economic impact for RIs
17.2.2 Making an impact in pursuit of ESS strategic objectives-building narratives
17.2.3 The ESS methodology-indicators, measures, and complementary surveys
17.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 18 Applying a systematic technology competence leveraging approach in the knowledge transfer of Big Science
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Challenges and pathways of technology transfer in Big Science
18.3 User-community-based technological competence leveraging
18.3.1 What is technological competence leveraging and how does it work?.
18.3.2 A user-community-based approach to technological competence leveraging in Big Science.
Preface
Editor biographies
Panagiotis Charitos
Theodore Arabatzis
Harry Cliff
Günther Dissertori
Juliette Forneris
Jason Li-Ying
List of contributors
Chapter 1 Introduction to part I: Voices from European Big Science Organizations
Chapter 2 CERN: the study of the infinitesimally small and the rise of Big Science
2.1 The rise of Big Science: a brief account
2.2 The birth of CERN
2.3 CERN's knowledge transfer mechanisms
2.3.1 A diverse hub for scientific knowledge: benefits to the scientific community
2.3.2 From idea creation to knowledge transfer: the path from CERN to society
2.4 Procurement activities and industry
2.5 Human capital formation
2.6 Lessons and future steps
2.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 Assessing the socio-economic impacts of Big Science: case studies from the science and exploration programmes of the European Space Agency (ESA)
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Methodological approach
3.2.1 Objectives and principles
3.2.2 Understanding the specifics of science and exploration
3.2.3 Pragmatic approach and further investigation
3.3 A closer look at the socio-economic impacts of the science and exploration programme
3.3.1 The socio-economic impacts of ESA's exploration programme
3.3.2 The socio-economic impacts of ESA's science programme
3.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 Bringing value from Big Science projects to society: the view from ESO
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Scientific and engineering benefits
4.3 Economy and innovation benefits
4.4 Talent development benefits
4.5 Education and outreach
4.6 International collaboration and policy benefits
4.7 Closing thoughts: the future of understanding the value of Big Science.
Chapter 5 The low hanging fruit-the economic boost from the construction of large science infrastructure in the twenty-first century
5.1 Summary
5.2 Big Science and the development of modern industrial infrastructure
5.3 A changing context
5.4 Which fruit is ripening first?
5.5 The European ITER case
5.6 Industrial policies for Big Science
Acknowledgements and disclaimer
References
Chapter 6 Developing a business case for international research infrastructures: the European Spallation Source
6.1 Research infrastructures
6.2 The evolving decision-making context
6.3 The European Spallation Source
6.4 Scientific impact
6.5 In-kind contributions
6.6 Exploring the socio-economic impact of ESS
6.6.1 Publications
6.6.2 Communications and outreach
6.6.3 Impacts of constructing the facility
6.6.4 In-kind contributions
6.6.5 Economic benefit to the host region
6.6.6 Attracting new members
6.7 Concluding remarks
References
Chapter 7 Debating the impact of Big Science in the twenty-first century. ELI ERIC: from local to global-addressing the multiple dimensions of impact
7.1 Introduction
7.1.1 A new era for laser science and applications
7.1.2 The revolution of high-power, high-repetition lasers
7.1.3 ELI technology and application areas
7.1.4 ELI's institutional background and funding model
7.2 The various types and dimensions of ELI's expected socio-economic impact
7.2.1 Dimensions of impact
7.2.2 Scientific impact
7.2.3 ELI as a platform for innovation
7.2.4 Multi-faceted impact as a driver of the scientific community
7.3 ELI's delivered impact
7.3.1 Employment
7.3.2 Collaborations and partnerships
7.3.3 User groups for commissioning experiments
7.3.4 Publications
7.3.5 Industry
7.3.6 Education and training.
7.3.7 Communication and outreach
7.4 Summary
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 8 Industrial liaison officers, key intermediaries between Big Science organisations and their industrial suppliers
8.1 Introduction
8.2 The interaction between Big Science and industry
8.3 Best practices for the interactions between BSOs and industrial suppliers
8.3.1 Barriers for entering the Big Science market
8.3.2 Best practices and recommendations
8.4 Creating a consolidated European Big Science marketplace
8.5 Future perspectives of the Big Science market
8.5.1 Different perspectives on the Big Science market
8.5.2 Concerns and recommendations
8.5.3 The innovation ecosystem for Big Science
8.5.4 The formation of PERIIA
8.5.5 Recommendations from the ENRIITC project
8.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 9 Analytical research infrastructures and industry engagement: drivers, challenges, and impact
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Industry and ARIs: a rich land of opportunity
9.2.1 Pushing open the ARI doors for industry
9.2.2 Versatility and ecosystems for industry engagement
9.3 Examples of industry engagement
9.3.1 Industry as a user of ARI facilities
9.3.2 Industry as technology partner
9.3.3 Enterprises and research and technology organisations as intermediaries
9.4 A future perspective
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 10 The socio-economic impact of DORIS
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Science-historic background
10.3 Scientific and technological impacts
10.3.1 Particle physics
10.3.2 Accelerator science and technology
10.3.3 Photon science
10.3.4 Life sciences
10.4 Footprint of DORIS on the research system
10.5 Impact on people
10.6 Impact on economy
10.7 Impact on the region
10.8 Conclusions
References.
Chapter 11 A case study of Big Science at an IGO: how does EMBL respond to changes in societal norms?
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Does EMBL have a duty to respond to changes in societal norms?
11.2.1 EMBL's mission and programme
11.2.2 Societal impact
11.2.3 Relevant norms
11.2.4 Whose interpretation of norms prevails?
11.2.5 When do IGOs have the duty to respond to changes in societal norms?
11.3 Case studies: Big Science at EMBL
11.3.1 EMBL's scientific services
11.3.2 Open science: participating in a global movement
11.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12 Societal impact of Big Science organizations-a multifaced phenomenon
References
Chapter 13 Evaluating the impact of Big Science/research infrastructures
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Economic impact
13.3 Scientific impact
13.4 Societal impact
13.5 New dynamics in evaluation
13.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 14 The role of large research infrastructures for regional innovation**Some of the research featured in this chapter has received funding from the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) under Addendum FCC-GOV-CC-0185 (KE4819/ATS), defining LSE contribution under Article 6 of the Memorandum of Understanding for the Future Circular Collider Innovation Study (FCCIS) (FCC-GOV-CC-0004, EDMS 1390795) hosted by CERN. The FCCIS project has received funding from the European Union's Ho
14.1 Introduction
14.2 The role of collaboration in research and innovation
14.3 How can RIs procurement contribute to innovation?
14.4 How can knowledge from RI procurement spread to the rest of the economy?
14.4.1 Creation of new firms
14.4.2 Publications, patents, and technology licenses
14.4.3 Mobility of scientists and engineers
14.4.4 Multiple mechanisms at play
14.5 Conclusion
References.
Chapter 15 Rethinking how to maximise the impact of your research infrastructure
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Public funding and social acceptance: a changing paradigm
15.2.1 Increasing budgets and public interest
15.2.2 From peer review to public scrutiny
15.2.3 Mission-orientation and social responsibility in science
15.3 Many have a standing
15.3.1 Which impact and for whom
15.3.2 Managing expectations
15.4 A framework for socio-economic impact assessment
15.4.1 Mixed methods and indicator based approaches
15.4.2 Modelling the socio-economic impact assessment of RIs
15.4.3 Ownership and evaluation strategy
15.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 16 The socioeconomic impact of large scale research infrastructures: models, methods, and data
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Impact multipliers
16.3 Knowledge function approach
16.4 Social cost-benefit analysis
16.5 Multi-methods multiple indicators
16.6 Theory driven approaches
16.7 Case studies
16.8 Discussion and conclusions
References
Chapter 17 Socio-economic impact for the European Spallation Source (ESS)-a narrative and pathway development approach
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Socio-economic impact assessment: prior art and ESS methodology
17.2.1 Socio-economic impact for RIs
17.2.2 Making an impact in pursuit of ESS strategic objectives-building narratives
17.2.3 The ESS methodology-indicators, measures, and complementary surveys
17.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 18 Applying a systematic technology competence leveraging approach in the knowledge transfer of Big Science
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Challenges and pathways of technology transfer in Big Science
18.3 User-community-based technological competence leveraging
18.3.1 What is technological competence leveraging and how does it work?.
18.3.2 A user-community-based approach to technological competence leveraging in Big Science.