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The consolidation of the early-modern Japanese state in the north
Shakushain's war
The ecology of Ainu autonomy and dependence
Symbolism and environment in trade
The Sakhalin trade: diplomatic and ecological balance
The Kuril trade: Russian and the question of boundaries
Epidemic disease, medicine, and the shifting ecology of Ezo
The role of ceremony in conquest.
Shakushain's war
The ecology of Ainu autonomy and dependence
Symbolism and environment in trade
The Sakhalin trade: diplomatic and ecological balance
The Kuril trade: Russian and the question of boundaries
Epidemic disease, medicine, and the shifting ecology of Ezo
The role of ceremony in conquest.