A measure of failure : the political origins of standardized testing / Mark J. Garrison.

A measure of failure
The nature and function of standards
Academic achievement and ability as forms of vertical classification
Standardized tests as markers of social value
The rise of public education: the impulse to mark achievement and ability
Achievement testing: the case of Horace Mann
Intelligence testing: the case of Alfred Binet
Political origins of testing
The failure of testing.