000346301 000__ 02770cam\a2200337Ia\4500
000346301 001__ 346301
000346301 005__ 20210513124737.0
000346301 008__ 100131s2009\\\\fr\a\\\\\b\\\\001\0\eng\d
000346301 019__ $$a495781971
000346301 020__ $$a9789280313338 (pbk.)
000346301 020__ $$a9280313339 (pbk.)
000346301 035__ $$a(OCoLC)ocn502944213
000346301 035__ $$a346301
000346301 040__ $$aSINIE$$beng$$cSINIE$$dCOD$$dPIT$$dCDX$$dDEBBG$$dBTCTA$$dOCL
000346301 049__ $$aISEA
000346301 050_4 $$aLC41$$b.B7357 2009
000346301 1001_ $$aBray, Mark,$$d1952-
000346301 24510 $$aConfronting the shadow education system :$$bwhat government policies for what private tutoring? /$$cMark Bray.
000346301 260__ $$aParis :$$bUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization :$$bInternational Institute for Educational Planning,$$c2009.
000346301 300__ $$a132 p. :$$bill. ;$$c23 cm.
000346301 504__ $$aIncludes bibliographical references and index.
000346301 504__ $$aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 109-126) and index.
000346301 5052_ $$aIntroduction -- Diagnosis -- Policy responses -- Monitoring and evaluation -- Conclusions.
000346301 520__ $$aThis book focuses on the so-called shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring. In parts of East Asia it has long existed on a large scale and it is now becoming increasingly evident in other parts of Asia and in Africa, Europe and North America. Pupils commonly receive fee-free education in public schools and then at the end of the day and/or during week-ends and vacations supplementary tutoring in the same subjects on a fee-paying basis. Supplementary private tutoring can have positive dimensions. It helps students to cover the curriculum, provides a structured occupation for pupils outside school hours, and provides incomes for the tutors. However, tutoring may also have negative dimensions. If left to market forces, tutoring is likely to maintain and increase social inequalities, and it can create excessive pressure for young people who have inadequate time for non-academic activities. Especially problematic are situations in which school teachers provide extra tutoring in exchange for fees from their regular pupils. This book begins by surveying the scale, nature and implications of the shadow education system in a range of settings. It then identifies possible government responses to the phenomenon and encourages a proactive approach to designing appropriate policies.--Publisher's description.
000346301 5200_ $$aEducational policy; Individualized instruction; Private education; Tutoring.
000346301 530__ $$aAlso available online.
000346301 650_0 $$aTutors and tutoring$$xGovernment policy.
000346301 650_0 $$aEducation and state.
000346301 7102_ $$aUnesco.
000346301 7102_ $$aInternational Institute for Educational Planning.
000346301 85200 $$bgen$$hLC41$$i.B7357$$i2009
000346301 85641 $$uhttp://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0018/001851/185106e.pdf$$zConnect to online resource
000346301 909CO $$ooai:library.usi.edu:346301$$pGLOBAL_SET
000346301 980__ $$aBIB
000346301 980__ $$aBOOK