Introduction
Sand and gold: some property history and theory
Luo and others: migration, settlement, ethnicity
An earthly anchorage: graves and the grounding of belonging
Birthright and its borrowing: inheritance and land clientage under pressure
The thin end: land and credit in the colonial period
The ghost market: land titling and mortgaging after independence
Nothing more serious: mortgaging and struggles over ancestral land
Bigger than law: land and constitutionalism
Conclusion: property, improperty, and the mortgage.