Clarifying learning targets
Unpacking standards and benchmarks
Defining student expectations
Gathering assessment evidence
Understanding and selecting assessment methods
Written product, portfolio, and project assessments
Designing quality classroom assessment tasks
Creating useful scoring guides
Making sense of assessment data
Tracking and analyzing results
Linking assessment to instruction
Revising feedback and instructional plans
Using assessment to motivate students
Related assessment factors
Rethinking grading practices
Challenges of high-stakes assessment.