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Foreword; Preface; Contents; 1 Engineering Review of the IEEE 802.22 Standard on Cognitive Radio; 1.1 Introduction; 1.1.1 IEEE 802.22 Overview and Architecture; 1.2 IEEE 802.22 Overview and Architecture; 1.2.1 System Architecture; 1.3 Physical Layer (PHY) for WRAN; 1.3.1 Preamble, Control Header, MAP Definitions; 1.3.2 Modulation, Coding; 1.3.3 RF Analysis [3]; 1.4 Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer in WRAN; 1.4.1 Super-Frame and Frame Structure; 1.4.2 Scheduling and Bandwidth Management [3, 35]; 1.4.3 Incumbent Protection and Self-coexistence; 1.4.4 Quite Period and Sensing
1.4.5 Channel Management1.5 Cognitive Capability; 1.5.1 Spectrum Manager; 1.5.2 Spectrum Sensing Automation
SSA; 1.5.3 Geolocation; 1.6 Security Aspects in WRAN System [10, 28]; 1.7 802.22.1 Beacons [2]; 1.8 Discussion and Engineering Aspects of Cognitive Standard; 1.9 Conclusion; References; 2 A Review of Hardware Platforms for Whitespace Communication; 2.1 Key Specifications; 2.1.1 Bandwidth of Operation; 2.1.2 Transmit Power; 2.1.3 Computational Specifications; 2.2 USRP N210; 2.2.1 Hardware Architecture; 2.2.2 Merits; 2.2.3 De-Merits; 2.3 NUAND Blade RF Board; 2.3.1 Hardware Architecture
2.3.2 Merits2.3.3 De-Merits; 2.4 Zepto SDR Board; 2.4.1 ZedBoard; 2.4.2 NUTAQ Radio420S Board; 2.5 HackRF SDR Platform; 2.5.1 Hardware Architecture; 2.5.2 Merits; 2.5.3 De-Merits; 2.6 Chapter Summary; References; 3 A Study on White and Gray Spaces in India; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Frequency Allocation in India; 3.3 TV White Space Maps for South India; 3.3.1 Analog TV White Space; 3.3.2 `Digital' White Space; 3.4 TV White Space Experimental Campaign; 3.5 Gray Spaces in GSM900 and GSM1800 in Hyderabad; 3.5.1 `Gray' Space Observations; 3.6 GSM `Gray Space' Voice Call Testbed
3.6.1 Testbed Overview3.6.2 The Cognitive Functionality; 3.6.3 Spectrum Sensing Algorithm; 3.6.4 Results and Observations; 3.7 TV White Space Policy Issues for India; 3.8 Gray Space Policy Issues; 3.9 Conclusions; References; 4 The Television White Space Opportunity in Southern Africa: From Field Measurements to Quantifying White Spaces; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 TV White Space Context in South Africa; 4.2.1 Overview of the South African TV Broadcasting Network; 4.2.2 Expected Spectral Masks and Minimum Signal Strength Values for TV Broadcasting in South Africa
4.3 White Space Mesurement Configuration Using the Meraka Cognitive Radio Platform 4.3.1 Known TV Transmitters Around the Test Sites; 4.3.2 Meraka Cognitive Radio Platform ; 4.4 White Space Measurement Configuration for the TV White Space Trial InTygerberg Near Cape Town; 4.4.1 Known TV Transmitters Around the Test Site; 4.4.2 Measurement Set-Ups; 4.4.3 Measurement Results; 4.5 Quantifying the Amount of TVWS; 4.5.1 Philipstown; 4.5.2 Macha; 4.5.3 Pretoria; 4.5.4 Tygerberg; 4.5.5 Notes on Criteria for Evaluation of Spectrum Availability; 4.6 Notes for Optimizing Measurements
1.4.5 Channel Management1.5 Cognitive Capability; 1.5.1 Spectrum Manager; 1.5.2 Spectrum Sensing Automation
SSA; 1.5.3 Geolocation; 1.6 Security Aspects in WRAN System [10, 28]; 1.7 802.22.1 Beacons [2]; 1.8 Discussion and Engineering Aspects of Cognitive Standard; 1.9 Conclusion; References; 2 A Review of Hardware Platforms for Whitespace Communication; 2.1 Key Specifications; 2.1.1 Bandwidth of Operation; 2.1.2 Transmit Power; 2.1.3 Computational Specifications; 2.2 USRP N210; 2.2.1 Hardware Architecture; 2.2.2 Merits; 2.2.3 De-Merits; 2.3 NUAND Blade RF Board; 2.3.1 Hardware Architecture
2.3.2 Merits2.3.3 De-Merits; 2.4 Zepto SDR Board; 2.4.1 ZedBoard; 2.4.2 NUTAQ Radio420S Board; 2.5 HackRF SDR Platform; 2.5.1 Hardware Architecture; 2.5.2 Merits; 2.5.3 De-Merits; 2.6 Chapter Summary; References; 3 A Study on White and Gray Spaces in India; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Frequency Allocation in India; 3.3 TV White Space Maps for South India; 3.3.1 Analog TV White Space; 3.3.2 `Digital' White Space; 3.4 TV White Space Experimental Campaign; 3.5 Gray Spaces in GSM900 and GSM1800 in Hyderabad; 3.5.1 `Gray' Space Observations; 3.6 GSM `Gray Space' Voice Call Testbed
3.6.1 Testbed Overview3.6.2 The Cognitive Functionality; 3.6.3 Spectrum Sensing Algorithm; 3.6.4 Results and Observations; 3.7 TV White Space Policy Issues for India; 3.8 Gray Space Policy Issues; 3.9 Conclusions; References; 4 The Television White Space Opportunity in Southern Africa: From Field Measurements to Quantifying White Spaces; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 TV White Space Context in South Africa; 4.2.1 Overview of the South African TV Broadcasting Network; 4.2.2 Expected Spectral Masks and Minimum Signal Strength Values for TV Broadcasting in South Africa
4.3 White Space Mesurement Configuration Using the Meraka Cognitive Radio Platform 4.3.1 Known TV Transmitters Around the Test Sites; 4.3.2 Meraka Cognitive Radio Platform ; 4.4 White Space Measurement Configuration for the TV White Space Trial InTygerberg Near Cape Town; 4.4.1 Known TV Transmitters Around the Test Site; 4.4.2 Measurement Set-Ups; 4.4.3 Measurement Results; 4.5 Quantifying the Amount of TVWS; 4.5.1 Philipstown; 4.5.2 Macha; 4.5.3 Pretoria; 4.5.4 Tygerberg; 4.5.5 Notes on Criteria for Evaluation of Spectrum Availability; 4.6 Notes for Optimizing Measurements