Linked e-resources
Details
Table of Contents
Preface; Acknowledgments; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 History; 1.2 Soil Concept; References; Chapter 2: Cryosols as℗ a℗ Three-Part System; 2.1 Three-Part Conceptual Model of℗ Cryosols; 2.2 Active Layer; 2.2.1 Definition; 2.2.2 Dynamics and℗ Modeling the℗ Active Layer; 2.2.3 Properties of℗ the℗ Active Layer; 2.2.3.1 Thickness; 2.2.3.2 Physical Properties; 2.2.3.3 Chemical Properties; 2.2.3.4 Mineralogical Properties; 2.2.4 Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring; 2.3 Transient Layer; 2.4 Permafrost; 2.4.1 Definition of℗ Permafrost; 2.4.2 Permafrost Boundaries and℗ Distribution
2.4.3 Permafrost Properties2.5 Summary; References; Chapter 3: Description, Sampling, and℗ Analysis of℗ Cryosols; 3.1 Describing Cryosols; 3.2 Sampling Cryosols; 3.3 Laboratory Characterization of℗ Cryosols; 3.3.1 Physical Analyses; 3.3.2 Chemical Analyses; 3.3.3 Mineralogical Analyses; 3.3.4 Micromorphological Analyses; 3.4 Summary; References; Chapter 4: Factors of℗ Cryosol Formation; 4.1 Climate; 4.1.1 Introduction; 4.1.2 Temperature; 4.1.3 Precipitation and℗ Humidity; 4.1.4 Wind; 4.2 Biota; 4.2.1 Vegetation; 4.2.2 Animals; 4.2.3 Microorganisms; 4.2.4 Humans; 4.3 Patterned Ground
4.3.1 Patterned Ground Forms4.3.1.1 Ice-Wedge Polygons; 4.3.1.2 Frost Boils; 4.3.1.3 Earth Hummocks; 4.3.1.4 Frost Mounds; 4.4 Parent Materials and℗ Time; 4.5 Summary; References; Chapter 5: Cryogenic Soil Processes; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Cryopedologic Processes; 5.2.1 Frost Heaving; 5.2.2 Freeze-Thaw Cycles; 5.2.3 Cryoturbation; 5.2.4 Dilatancy; 5.2.5 Cryodesiccation; 5.2.6 Ice Segregation; 5.2.7 Gelifluction; 5.3 Cryopedologic Processes and℗ Soil Classification; 5.4 Modeling Cryogenic Soil Processes; 5.5 Summary; References; Chapter 6: Classification of℗ Cryosols
6.1 Zonal Soil Classification Systems6.2 Natural Soil Classification Schemes; 6.3 Diagnostic Horizons in℗ Cryosols; 6.4 Summary; References; Chapter 7: Distribution of Cryosols; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Distribution of Cryosols; 7.2.1 Circumarctic Lowlands and Hills; 7.2.2 Antarctica; 7.2.3 Alpine Permafrost Regions; 7.3 Summary; References; Chapter 8: Cryosols of℗ the℗ Circumarctic Region; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Soil-Forming Factors; 8.2.1 Climate, Permafrost, and℗ Active-Layer Thickness; 8.2.2 Biota; 8.2.3 Relief; 8.2.4 Parent Materials and℗ Time; 8.3 Soil Properties; 8.4 Soil-Forming Processes
8.5 Soil Classification and℗ Geography8.6 Summary; References; Chapter 9: Cryosols of℗ Antarctica; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Soil-Forming Factors; 9.2.1 Climate, Permafrost, and℗ Active-Layer Thickness; 9.2.2 Biota; 9.2.3 Parent Materials and℗ Time; 9.3 Soil Properties; 9.3.1 Western Antarctic Peninsula; 9.3.2 Coastal East Antarctica; 9.3.3 Inland Mountains; 9.4 Soil-Forming Processes; 9.5 Soil Classification and℗ Geography; 9.6 Summary; References; Chapter 10: Alpine Cryosols; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 Soil-Forming Factors; 10.2.1 Climate, Permafrost, and℗ Active-Layer Depths; 10.2.2 Biota
2.4.3 Permafrost Properties2.5 Summary; References; Chapter 3: Description, Sampling, and℗ Analysis of℗ Cryosols; 3.1 Describing Cryosols; 3.2 Sampling Cryosols; 3.3 Laboratory Characterization of℗ Cryosols; 3.3.1 Physical Analyses; 3.3.2 Chemical Analyses; 3.3.3 Mineralogical Analyses; 3.3.4 Micromorphological Analyses; 3.4 Summary; References; Chapter 4: Factors of℗ Cryosol Formation; 4.1 Climate; 4.1.1 Introduction; 4.1.2 Temperature; 4.1.3 Precipitation and℗ Humidity; 4.1.4 Wind; 4.2 Biota; 4.2.1 Vegetation; 4.2.2 Animals; 4.2.3 Microorganisms; 4.2.4 Humans; 4.3 Patterned Ground
4.3.1 Patterned Ground Forms4.3.1.1 Ice-Wedge Polygons; 4.3.1.2 Frost Boils; 4.3.1.3 Earth Hummocks; 4.3.1.4 Frost Mounds; 4.4 Parent Materials and℗ Time; 4.5 Summary; References; Chapter 5: Cryogenic Soil Processes; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Cryopedologic Processes; 5.2.1 Frost Heaving; 5.2.2 Freeze-Thaw Cycles; 5.2.3 Cryoturbation; 5.2.4 Dilatancy; 5.2.5 Cryodesiccation; 5.2.6 Ice Segregation; 5.2.7 Gelifluction; 5.3 Cryopedologic Processes and℗ Soil Classification; 5.4 Modeling Cryogenic Soil Processes; 5.5 Summary; References; Chapter 6: Classification of℗ Cryosols
6.1 Zonal Soil Classification Systems6.2 Natural Soil Classification Schemes; 6.3 Diagnostic Horizons in℗ Cryosols; 6.4 Summary; References; Chapter 7: Distribution of Cryosols; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Distribution of Cryosols; 7.2.1 Circumarctic Lowlands and Hills; 7.2.2 Antarctica; 7.2.3 Alpine Permafrost Regions; 7.3 Summary; References; Chapter 8: Cryosols of℗ the℗ Circumarctic Region; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Soil-Forming Factors; 8.2.1 Climate, Permafrost, and℗ Active-Layer Thickness; 8.2.2 Biota; 8.2.3 Relief; 8.2.4 Parent Materials and℗ Time; 8.3 Soil Properties; 8.4 Soil-Forming Processes
8.5 Soil Classification and℗ Geography8.6 Summary; References; Chapter 9: Cryosols of℗ Antarctica; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Soil-Forming Factors; 9.2.1 Climate, Permafrost, and℗ Active-Layer Thickness; 9.2.2 Biota; 9.2.3 Parent Materials and℗ Time; 9.3 Soil Properties; 9.3.1 Western Antarctic Peninsula; 9.3.2 Coastal East Antarctica; 9.3.3 Inland Mountains; 9.4 Soil-Forming Processes; 9.5 Soil Classification and℗ Geography; 9.6 Summary; References; Chapter 10: Alpine Cryosols; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 Soil-Forming Factors; 10.2.1 Climate, Permafrost, and℗ Active-Layer Depths; 10.2.2 Biota