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Series Editors' Foreword; Foreword; Preface; Contents; Acronyms; 1 Overview and Motivation; 1.1 Greening Air Transport; 1.2 The ACARE 2020 Vision; 1.3 The ACFA 2020 Project; 1.3.1 Overview and Deliverables; 1.3.2 Main Deliverable 1: Solutions for Active MIMO Control for BWB-Type Aircraft; 1.3.3 Main Deliverable 2: ACFA 2020 Aircraft Configuration (Predesign of an Ultra-Efficient 450 Passenger BWB-Type Aircraft); 1.3.4 Consortium and Figures; 1.4 Recent Developments in New Aircraft Configurations; 1.5 Recent European Research Activity on the BWB
1.6 Recent Developments in Aircraft Conceptual Design Modeling and Simulation Methods1.6.1 Overall Design; 1.6.2 Propulsion; 1.6.3 Aerodynamics; 1.7 Flight Control Design; 1.7.1 General Goals; 1.7.2 Loads Alleviation; 1.7.3 Handling Qualities; 1.7.4 ACFA 2020 Control Design Challenges; References; Part IAircraft Design and Modeling; 2 Conceptual Design; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Requirements and Mission Definition; 2.2.1 Operational Performance; 2.2.2 Passenger Cabin and Landing Gear Definition; 2.2.3 Lifting Surface Requirements; 2.2.4 Fuel Capacity; 2.3 Design Process; 2.3.1 Structural Weight
2.3.2 Aerodynamics and Control2.3.3 Engine; 2.4 Multidisciplinary Design Optimization in the Structural Design Process; 2.5 Configuration Selection; 2.5.1 Results; 2.5.2 Aircraft Selection; 2.5.3 Conclusion and Outlook; References; 3 Numerical Simulation Model; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Preliminary Structural Modeling; 3.2.1 Testing FEM Structure; 3.3 ACFA BWB Structural Modeling; 3.3.1 Overview on Structural Modeling; 3.3.2 ACFA Geometry; 3.3.3 Material Properties; 3.3.4 Load Cases; 3.3.5 Structural Concepts; 3.3.6 Nonstructural Masses; 3.3.7 Finite Element Calculation; 3.3.8 Mass Estimation
3.3.9 Conclusion3.4 Aerodynamic Modeling; 3.4.1 Numerical Methods; 3.4.2 Steady Simulation Results; 3.4.3 Unsteady Simulation Results; 3.4.4 Conclusions; 3.5 Integrated Flight Dynamics and Aeroelastic Modeling; 3.5.1 Structural Dynamics; 3.5.2 Aerodynamic Database; 3.5.3 Modification of GAF by Higher-Order Analysis Results; 3.5.4 Approximation of Aerodynamic Forces in the Laplace Domain; 3.5.5 Structural Outputs; 3.5.6 Equations of Motion; 3.5.7 State-Space Model; References; 4 Reduced-Order Modeling; 4.1 Model Order Reduction
4.1.1 General Process of Generation of Parameterized Reduced-Order Models for Control Design4.1.2 Modal Reduction of Full Structural Model; 4.1.3 Reduction of Complete Aeroelastic Model; 4.1.4 Balanced Reduction; 4.1.5 Parameterization of Aircraft Models; 4.1.6 Spline Interpolation; 4.1.7 Conclusion; 4.2 Linear Fractional Representation of Parametrized Models; 4.2.1 Linear Fractional Transformation; 4.2.2 Process of LFR Modeling; 4.2.3 Generation of LFRs for the ACFA 2020 BWB Aircraft; 4.2.4 Summary; References; Part IIControl Design; 5 Control Goals; 5.1 Analysis of Aircraft Dynamics
1.6 Recent Developments in Aircraft Conceptual Design Modeling and Simulation Methods1.6.1 Overall Design; 1.6.2 Propulsion; 1.6.3 Aerodynamics; 1.7 Flight Control Design; 1.7.1 General Goals; 1.7.2 Loads Alleviation; 1.7.3 Handling Qualities; 1.7.4 ACFA 2020 Control Design Challenges; References; Part IAircraft Design and Modeling; 2 Conceptual Design; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Requirements and Mission Definition; 2.2.1 Operational Performance; 2.2.2 Passenger Cabin and Landing Gear Definition; 2.2.3 Lifting Surface Requirements; 2.2.4 Fuel Capacity; 2.3 Design Process; 2.3.1 Structural Weight
2.3.2 Aerodynamics and Control2.3.3 Engine; 2.4 Multidisciplinary Design Optimization in the Structural Design Process; 2.5 Configuration Selection; 2.5.1 Results; 2.5.2 Aircraft Selection; 2.5.3 Conclusion and Outlook; References; 3 Numerical Simulation Model; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Preliminary Structural Modeling; 3.2.1 Testing FEM Structure; 3.3 ACFA BWB Structural Modeling; 3.3.1 Overview on Structural Modeling; 3.3.2 ACFA Geometry; 3.3.3 Material Properties; 3.3.4 Load Cases; 3.3.5 Structural Concepts; 3.3.6 Nonstructural Masses; 3.3.7 Finite Element Calculation; 3.3.8 Mass Estimation
3.3.9 Conclusion3.4 Aerodynamic Modeling; 3.4.1 Numerical Methods; 3.4.2 Steady Simulation Results; 3.4.3 Unsteady Simulation Results; 3.4.4 Conclusions; 3.5 Integrated Flight Dynamics and Aeroelastic Modeling; 3.5.1 Structural Dynamics; 3.5.2 Aerodynamic Database; 3.5.3 Modification of GAF by Higher-Order Analysis Results; 3.5.4 Approximation of Aerodynamic Forces in the Laplace Domain; 3.5.5 Structural Outputs; 3.5.6 Equations of Motion; 3.5.7 State-Space Model; References; 4 Reduced-Order Modeling; 4.1 Model Order Reduction
4.1.1 General Process of Generation of Parameterized Reduced-Order Models for Control Design4.1.2 Modal Reduction of Full Structural Model; 4.1.3 Reduction of Complete Aeroelastic Model; 4.1.4 Balanced Reduction; 4.1.5 Parameterization of Aircraft Models; 4.1.6 Spline Interpolation; 4.1.7 Conclusion; 4.2 Linear Fractional Representation of Parametrized Models; 4.2.1 Linear Fractional Transformation; 4.2.2 Process of LFR Modeling; 4.2.3 Generation of LFRs for the ACFA 2020 BWB Aircraft; 4.2.4 Summary; References; Part IIControl Design; 5 Control Goals; 5.1 Analysis of Aircraft Dynamics