000724315 000__ 05286cam\a2200505Ii\4500 000724315 001__ 724315 000724315 005__ 20230306140527.0 000724315 006__ m\\\\\o\\d\\\\\\\\ 000724315 007__ cr\cn\nnnunnun 000724315 008__ 141117t20142015nyua\\\\ob\\\\000\0\eng\d 000724315 019__ $$a908083001 000724315 020__ $$a9781493921997$$qelectronic book 000724315 020__ $$a1493921991$$qelectronic book 000724315 020__ $$z9781493921980 000724315 035__ $$aSP(OCoLC)ocn895661025 000724315 035__ $$aSP(OCoLC)895661025$$z(OCoLC)908083001 000724315 040__ $$aN$T$$beng$$erda$$epn$$cN$T$$dGW5XE$$dOCLCF$$dN$T$$dIDEBK$$dEBLCP 000724315 049__ $$aISEA 000724315 050_4 $$aTH9445.T8 000724315 08204 $$a363.37/9$$223 000724315 1001_ $$aIngason, Haukur,$$eauthor. 000724315 24510 $$aTunnel fire dynamics$$h[electronic resource] /$$cHaukur Ingason, Ying Zhen Li, Anders Lönnermark. 000724315 264_1 $$aNew York :$$bSpringer,$$c[2014] 000724315 264_4 $$c©2015 000724315 300__ $$a1 online resource (xv, 504 pages) :$$billustrations (some color) 000724315 336__ $$atext$$btxt$$2rdacontent 000724315 337__ $$acomputer$$bc$$2rdamedia 000724315 338__ $$aonline resource$$bcr$$2rdacarrier 000724315 504__ $$aIncludes bibliographical references. 000724315 5050_ $$aPreface; Acknowledgement; Contents; Chapter-1; Introduction; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Characteristics of Tunnel Fires; 1.3 Mitigation Systems in Tunnels; 1.4 Incidents in Tunnel; 1.4.1 Fires in Road Tunnels; 1.4.2 Fires in Rail Tunnels; 1.4.3 Fires in Metro Tunnels; 1.5 Summary; References; Chpater-2; Fuel and Ventilation Controlled Fires; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Fire Development in Building Fires; 2.3 Fire Development in Tunnel Fires; 2.4 Fuel or Ventilation Control in a Compartment Fire; 2.5 Fuel or Ventilation Control in a Tunnel with Longitudinal Flow; 2.5.1 Fuel Control 000724315 5058_ $$a2.5.2 Ventilation Control2.5.3 Determination of Combustion Mode; 2.6 Effects of Vitiation on the Combustion Process; 2.7 Summary; References; Chapter-3; Tunnel Fire Tests; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Overview of Large-Scale Tunnel Experiments; 3.3 Large-Scale Tunnel Fire Tests; 3.3.1 Ofenegg 1965; 3.3.2 Glasgow 1970; 3.3.3 The West Meon Tests in Early 1970s; 3.3.4 Zwenberg 1975; 3.3.5 P.W.R.I 1980; 3.3.6 TUB-VTT Tests 1986; 3.3.7 EUREKA EU499 Tests 1990-1992; 3.3.8 Memorial Tunnel Tests 1993-1995; 3.3.9 Shimizu No. 3 2001; 3.3.10 2nd Benelux Tests 2002; 3.3.11 Runehamar 2003 000724315 5058_ $$a3.3.12 METRO Tests 20113.3.13 Carleton University Laboratory Train Tests 2011; 3.3.14 Singapore Tests 2011; 3.3.15 Runehamar Test 2013; 3.4 Model Scale Fire Tests; 3.4.1 The TNO Tests; 3.4.2 Automatic Water Spray System Tests; 3.4.3 Longitudinal Ventilation Tests; 3.4.4 Point Extraction Ventilation Tests; 3.4.5 Tunnel Cross-Section Tests; 3.5 Summary; References; Chapter-4; Heat Release Rates in Tunnels; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Measured HRR in Different Vehicles; 4.2.1 Road Vehicles; 4.2.1.1 Passenger Cars; 4.2.1.2 Buses; 4.2.1.3 Heavy Goods Vehicles; 4.2.1.4 Tanker Fires 000724315 5058_ $$a4.2.1.5 Pool Fires (Liquid)4.2.1.6 Construction Vehicles; 4.2.1.7 Rubber Tyres; 4.2.2 Railway Rolling Stock; 4.3 Parameters Influencing the HRR; 4.3.1 Heat Feedback; 4.3.2 Effects of Tunnel Geometry; 4.3.3 Effects of Ventilation on Peak HRR; 4.3.4 Fuel-Controlled Fires; 4.3.5 Ventilation-Controlled Fires; 4.4 HRR per Exposed Fuel Surface Area; 4.4.1 Liquids; 4.4.2 Solid Materials; 4.4.3 Vehicle Fires; 4.5 Summary; References; Chapter-5; Fire Growth Rates in Tunnels; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Theory of Fire Growth Rate; 5.2.1 Opposed Flow Spread (Upstream); 5.2.2 Wind-Aided Spread (Downstream) 000724315 5058_ $$a5.2.3 Relationship Between FGR and Flame Spread Rate5.2.4 Fuels Consisting of Several Parts; 5.3 Correlations for Fire Growth Rate; 5.3.1 Comparison with Model Scale Tests; 5.3.2 Comparison with Full Scale Tests; 5.4 The Effects of Windbreaks on Fire Growth Rates; 5.5 Summary; References; Chapter-6; Design Fire Curves; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Design Fire Methods; 6.2.1 Constant Values for Design Fires; 6.2.2 Time Dependent Methods for Design Fires; 6.3 Exponential Design Fire Curve Method with Superposition; 6.3.1 Determination of Design Fire Scenarios; 6.3.2 Maximum Heat Release Rate 000724315 506__ $$aAccess limited to authorized users. 000724315 520__ $$aThis book covers a wide range of issues in fire safety engineering in tunnels, describes the phenomena related to tunnel fire dynamics, presents state-of-the-art research, and gives detailed solutions to these major issues. Examples for calculations are provided. The aim is to significantly improve the understanding of fire safety engineering in tunnels. Chapters on fuel and ventilation control, combustion products, gas temperatures, heat fluxes, smoke stratification, visibility, tenability, design fire curves, heat release, fire suppression and detection, CFD modeling, and scaling techniques. 000724315 588__ $$aOnline resource; title from PDF title page (SpringerLink, viewed December 30, 2014). 000724315 650_0 $$aTunnels$$xFires and fire prevention. 000724315 7001_ $$aLi, Ying Zhen,$$eauthor. 000724315 7001_ $$aLönnermark, Anders,$$eauthor. 000724315 77608 $$iPrint version:$$aIngason, Haukur$$tTunnel Fire Dynamics$$dNew York, NY : Springer New York,c2014$$z9781493921980 000724315 852__ $$bebk 000724315 85640 $$3SpringerLink$$uhttps://univsouthin.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4939-2199-7$$zOnline Access$$91397441.1 000724315 909CO $$ooai:library.usi.edu:724315$$pGLOBAL_SET 000724315 980__ $$aEBOOK 000724315 980__ $$aBIB 000724315 982__ $$aEbook 000724315 983__ $$aOnline 000724315 994__ $$a92$$bISE