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Table of Contents
Preface; Contents; Contributors; Terms and Abbreviations; List of Figures; List of Tables; Chapter 1: Novel Institutional Arrangements for℗ Tourism, Conservation and℗ Development in℗ Eastern and℗ Southern Africa; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Understanding Innovative Institutional Arrangements; Box 1.1: The℗ African Parks Network; 1.3 Outline of℗ the℗ Book; 1.4 In Conclusion; References; Chapter 2: From Exploitation to℗ Ownership: Wildlife-℗ƯBased Tourism and℗ Communal Area Conservancies in℗ Namibia; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 The Conservancy Approach and℗ Its Main Institutional Features
2.3 The Drivers of℗ Policy Change for℗ the℗ Conservancy Approach2.4 Community Involvement in℗ Tourism Businesses in℗ Conservancies; 2.4.1 Model 1: Ownership and℗ Management by the℗ Private Sector Partner Which Pays Some Fees to℗ the℗ Community; 2.4.2 Model 2: Private Sector Partner "Owns" the℗ Profit and℗ Loss, with℗ Conservancy Providing Capital; 2.4.2.1 Model 2a: Conservancy Part Finances Lodge Development with℗ Private Sector; 2.4.2.2 Model 2b: Conservancy Fully Owns the℗ Lodge but the℗ Private Sector Owns the℗ Business; 2.4.3 Model 3: Conservancy Owns Equity in℗ a℗ Lodge Ownership and℗ Management Company
2.4.4 Model 4: Conservancy Owns the℗ Lodge and℗ the℗ Business and℗ Outsources the℗ Management to℗ Private Sector Partner2.4.5 Model 5: Conservancy Owns and℗ Manages the℗ Business and℗ the℗ Assets and℗ Has No Private Sector Partner; 2.4.6 Comparative Analysis of℗ the℗ Models; 2.5 Prospects and℗ Challenges for℗ the℗ Conservancy Approach; 2.5.1 Conserving Wildlife; 2.5.2 Contributing to℗ Livelihoods; 2.5.3 Governance Challenges; 2.6 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: The Tsiseb Conservancy: How Communities, the℗ State and℗ the℗ Market Struggle for℗ Its Success; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Tsiseb Conservancy
Box 3.1: The℗ Namibian Community-Based Tourism Association (NACOBTA)3.3 Governing Tsiseb Conservancy: Opportunities and℗ Challenges; 3.3.1 Governance at the℗ Conservancy Level; 3.3.2 Struggles Over Brandberg Mountain: The℗ Interplay Between the℗ State and℗ Local Communities; 3.3.3 Struggles Over Brandberg Mountain: The℗ Role of℗ the℗ National Heritage Council; 3.3.4 Struggles Over the℗ Ugab River: The℗ Interplay Between the℗ Market and℗ Local Communities; 3.4 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Community-Based Natural Resource Management in℗ Botswana; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Study Area and℗ Approach
4.3 Institutional Arrangements of℗ CBNRM in℗ Botswana4.3.1 Definition and℗ Formation of℗ CBOs and℗ Trusts; 4.3.2 Governance and℗ Functions of℗ Trusts and℗ CBOs; 4.3.3 CBNRM and℗ Joint Venture Partnerships (JVPs); 4.3.4 Number of℗ CBNRM Communities; 4.3.5 Total Surface Area for℗ CBNRM Development; 4.4 CBNRM Contributions to℗ Rural Livelihoods; 4.4.1 Employment Opportunities; 4.4.2 Financial Benefits from℗ Tourism Development; 4.4.3 Financing of℗ Social Services from℗ CBNRM Revenue; 4.4.4 Modern Equipment Financed by CBNRM Revenue; 4.5 CBNRM Contribution to℗ Conservation
2.3 The Drivers of℗ Policy Change for℗ the℗ Conservancy Approach2.4 Community Involvement in℗ Tourism Businesses in℗ Conservancies; 2.4.1 Model 1: Ownership and℗ Management by the℗ Private Sector Partner Which Pays Some Fees to℗ the℗ Community; 2.4.2 Model 2: Private Sector Partner "Owns" the℗ Profit and℗ Loss, with℗ Conservancy Providing Capital; 2.4.2.1 Model 2a: Conservancy Part Finances Lodge Development with℗ Private Sector; 2.4.2.2 Model 2b: Conservancy Fully Owns the℗ Lodge but the℗ Private Sector Owns the℗ Business; 2.4.3 Model 3: Conservancy Owns Equity in℗ a℗ Lodge Ownership and℗ Management Company
2.4.4 Model 4: Conservancy Owns the℗ Lodge and℗ the℗ Business and℗ Outsources the℗ Management to℗ Private Sector Partner2.4.5 Model 5: Conservancy Owns and℗ Manages the℗ Business and℗ the℗ Assets and℗ Has No Private Sector Partner; 2.4.6 Comparative Analysis of℗ the℗ Models; 2.5 Prospects and℗ Challenges for℗ the℗ Conservancy Approach; 2.5.1 Conserving Wildlife; 2.5.2 Contributing to℗ Livelihoods; 2.5.3 Governance Challenges; 2.6 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: The Tsiseb Conservancy: How Communities, the℗ State and℗ the℗ Market Struggle for℗ Its Success; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Tsiseb Conservancy
Box 3.1: The℗ Namibian Community-Based Tourism Association (NACOBTA)3.3 Governing Tsiseb Conservancy: Opportunities and℗ Challenges; 3.3.1 Governance at the℗ Conservancy Level; 3.3.2 Struggles Over Brandberg Mountain: The℗ Interplay Between the℗ State and℗ Local Communities; 3.3.3 Struggles Over Brandberg Mountain: The℗ Role of℗ the℗ National Heritage Council; 3.3.4 Struggles Over the℗ Ugab River: The℗ Interplay Between the℗ Market and℗ Local Communities; 3.4 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Community-Based Natural Resource Management in℗ Botswana; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Study Area and℗ Approach
4.3 Institutional Arrangements of℗ CBNRM in℗ Botswana4.3.1 Definition and℗ Formation of℗ CBOs and℗ Trusts; 4.3.2 Governance and℗ Functions of℗ Trusts and℗ CBOs; 4.3.3 CBNRM and℗ Joint Venture Partnerships (JVPs); 4.3.4 Number of℗ CBNRM Communities; 4.3.5 Total Surface Area for℗ CBNRM Development; 4.4 CBNRM Contributions to℗ Rural Livelihoods; 4.4.1 Employment Opportunities; 4.4.2 Financial Benefits from℗ Tourism Development; 4.4.3 Financing of℗ Social Services from℗ CBNRM Revenue; 4.4.4 Modern Equipment Financed by CBNRM Revenue; 4.5 CBNRM Contribution to℗ Conservation