Preface; Contents; Contributors; Part I Profiling: A Persistent Core Issue of Data Protection and Privacy; 1 Profiling Technologies and Fundamental Rights and Values: Regulatory Challenges and Perspectives from European Data Protection Authorities; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Profiling: Towards a Definition; 1.3 Societal Consequences of Digitization; 1.4 Profiling as a Threat for Fundamental Rights and Values; 1.4.1 Fundamental Values; 1.4.2 Fundamental Rights; 1.4.2.1 The Right to Privacy and the Right to Data Protection; 1.4.2.2 The Right to Non-discrimination

1.5 So Far so Good
Regulating Profiling1.6 National Data Protection Authorities' (DPAs) Responses to Profiling Questionnaire; 1.6.1 Findings; 1.6.1.1 Legal Aspects; 1.6.1.2 Domains of Application; 1.6.1.3 Fundamental Rights; 1.6.1.4 Procedure to Complaint; 1.6.1.5 Awareness; 1.7 Conclusions; References; 2 On-line Behavioral Tracking: What May Change After the Legal Reform on Personal Data Protection; 2.1 On-line Behavioral Tracking; 2.1.1 Definition and Today's Trends; 2.1.2 Techniques of Online Tracking; 2.1.2.1 On-line Scrutiny Through Cookies: Are They Always a Threat to Privacy?

2.1.2.2 Javascript2.1.2.3 Stateless Tracking; 2.1.2.4 Supercookies and Evercookies; 2.1.2.5 Location Tracking; 2.1.2.6 Online Social Network Tracking; 2.1.3 Risks of On-line Tracking; 2.2 On-line Tracking Under the Current Data Protection Legal Framework; 2.2.1 Personal Data Protection Directive; 2.2.2 Applicability of the Core Foundations of Personal Data Protection; 2.2.2.1 Purpose Limitation; 2.2.2.2 Data Subject Notice; 2.2.2.3 Proportionality; 2.2.2.4 Obligation to Obtain Prior Consent; 2.2.2.5 Data Destruction/Retention

2.3 Future Personal Data Protection Framework: How Will It Affect Behavioral On-line Tracking?2.3.1 Scope of Application; 2.3.2 Definitions; 2.3.3 Consent; 2.3.4 Notice; 2.3.5 The Right of Erasure ("Right to Be Forgotten"); 2.3.6 Data Protection "by Design"; 2.3.7 Towards a "Privacy Friendlier" Internet Tracking: The Role of Society, (Social) Media and Education; 2.4 Conclusion; Bibliography; Part II Taming the Future: Assessments of Risks in the Sphere of Privacy and Data Protection; 3 A Systematic Approach to the Legal Evaluation of Security Measures in Public Transportation

3.1 Introduction3.2 Social and Legal Acceptability of Security Measures; 3.3 The Basic Concepts of Decision Making; 3.4 The Legal Evaluation of Security Measures; 3.4.1 Pre-stage
Identifying Fundamental Legal Provisions; 3.4.1.1 Type and Functions of the Security Measure; 3.4.1.2 Fundamental Legal Provisions; 3.4.2 Stage 1
Deduction of Legal Requirements; 3.4.3 Stage 2
Concretisation into Legal Criteria; 3.4.4 Stage 3
Concretisation into Technical Objectives; 3.4.5 Stage 4
Comparison; 3.4.6 Alternative: Stage 4
Technical Design Proposals; 3.4.7 Example of Use