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1st Edition Preface; 2nd Edition Preface; Histology; von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) Syndrome; Systemic Therapy: Metastatic Disease; References; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Targeted Therapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Introduction; Background; Molecular Genetics: RCC; Prognostic Factors in Renal Cell Carcinoma; Management of Patients with Advanced RCC; Bevacizumab; Sorafenib; Sunitinib; Pazopanib; Axitinib; mTOR Inhibitors: Temsirolimus; Everolimus; The Evolving Treatment Landscape for RCC; Comparative Clinical Trials; Combination Approaches; Sequential Therapy RCC; Future Approaches
Renal Cell Carcinoma Pathology According to Molecular PathwayPseudo-hypoxic Pathway; Association with VHL Gene Changes and TSC1/TSC2 Loss; Association with Krebs Cycle Mutations; c-MET Pathway; FLCN Pathway; Undefined Pathway; Other Pathological Renal Cell Carcinomas Entities; Unclassified Renal Cell Carcinoma; Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Genomic Assessment of Renal Cancer; Introduction; Methods for Genomic Characterization; Cytogenetics and Copy Number Change; DNA Sequence and Somatic Mutations; Epigenetic Analysis; Transcript Analysis; Technique Summary
Cytogenetics and Copy Number Changes in Renal CancerCopy Number Changes in ccRCC; Prognostic Associations with Copy Number Changes in ccRCC; Familial Renal Cancer Due to Chromosome 3 Translocations; Somatic Genetics of Renal Cancer; Mutated Genes in ccRCC; Activation of the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in ccRCC; ccRCC Tumorigenesis and Prognosis in Relation to Genetic Mutation; Epigenetic Regulation in ccRCC; Mutations in Epigenetic Regulatory Genes; PBRM1; BAP1; Histone-Modifying Genes (HMGs); Genomic Assessments of Chromatin; DNA Methylation Phenotypes; Renal Cancer Transcript Assessments
Non-clear Cell DiseaseConclusions; References; Chapter 4: VHL and HIF in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Molecular Abnormalities and Potential Clinical Applications; Introduction; VHL Gene and Protein; pVHL Structure; pVHL and Hypoxia-Inducible Factors; The HIF Transcription Factors; HIF2α Is More Oncogenic than HIF1α; HIF1α Is a Renal Tumour Suppressor Gene; Differences Between HIF1α and HIF2α; HIF-Independent Functions of pVHL (Table 4.2); VHL and Regulation of the Extracellular Matrix; Microtubule Stabilisation and Maintenance of the Primary Cilium; Regulation of Apoptosis
Renal Cell Carcinoma Pathology According to Molecular PathwayPseudo-hypoxic Pathway; Association with VHL Gene Changes and TSC1/TSC2 Loss; Association with Krebs Cycle Mutations; c-MET Pathway; FLCN Pathway; Undefined Pathway; Other Pathological Renal Cell Carcinomas Entities; Unclassified Renal Cell Carcinoma; Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Genomic Assessment of Renal Cancer; Introduction; Methods for Genomic Characterization; Cytogenetics and Copy Number Change; DNA Sequence and Somatic Mutations; Epigenetic Analysis; Transcript Analysis; Technique Summary
Cytogenetics and Copy Number Changes in Renal CancerCopy Number Changes in ccRCC; Prognostic Associations with Copy Number Changes in ccRCC; Familial Renal Cancer Due to Chromosome 3 Translocations; Somatic Genetics of Renal Cancer; Mutated Genes in ccRCC; Activation of the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in ccRCC; ccRCC Tumorigenesis and Prognosis in Relation to Genetic Mutation; Epigenetic Regulation in ccRCC; Mutations in Epigenetic Regulatory Genes; PBRM1; BAP1; Histone-Modifying Genes (HMGs); Genomic Assessments of Chromatin; DNA Methylation Phenotypes; Renal Cancer Transcript Assessments
Non-clear Cell DiseaseConclusions; References; Chapter 4: VHL and HIF in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Molecular Abnormalities and Potential Clinical Applications; Introduction; VHL Gene and Protein; pVHL Structure; pVHL and Hypoxia-Inducible Factors; The HIF Transcription Factors; HIF2α Is More Oncogenic than HIF1α; HIF1α Is a Renal Tumour Suppressor Gene; Differences Between HIF1α and HIF2α; HIF-Independent Functions of pVHL (Table 4.2); VHL and Regulation of the Extracellular Matrix; Microtubule Stabilisation and Maintenance of the Primary Cilium; Regulation of Apoptosis