Preface; Contents; Part I Current and Forthcoming Observing Facilities; 1 Future Observations of Cosmic Magnetic Fields with LOFAR, SKA and Its Precursors; 1.1 Prospects of Future Magnetic Field Observations; 1.1.1 Diffuse Polarized Emission; 1.1.2 Rotation Measure Grids; 1.1.3 Magnetic Fields of the Milky Way; 1.1.4 Intergalactic Filaments; 1.2 Faraday Rotation Measure Synthesis; 1.3 Low Frequency Array; 1.4 Square Kilometre Array; 1.4.1 Technical Design and Development of the SKA; 1.4.2 SKA Key Science Projects; 1.4.3 SKA Timeline; 1.5 SKA Pathfinder and Precursor Telescopes; References

2 Magnetic Fields with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array2.1 The Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array; 2.1.1 ALMA Specifications; 2.1.2 ALMA Science; 2.2 ALMA Polarization Calibration; 2.3 Magnetic Field Observations with ALMA; 2.3.1 (Sub-)Millimetre Polarization; 2.3.1.1 Linear Polarization; 2.3.1.2 Circular Polarization; 2.3.2 Star Formation and Molecular Clouds; 2.3.3 Evolved Stars and Planetary Nebulae; 2.3.4 Nearby Galaxies; 2.4 ALMA Polarization Analysis Tools: The ARTIST Project; Conclusion; References; Part II Techniques for Observing Cosmic Magnetic Fields

3 Synchrotron Radiation and Faraday Rotation3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Synchrotron Radiation; 3.2.1 Estimation of Magnetic Field Strength; 3.3 Polarization and Faraday Rotation; 3.4 Rotation Measure Synthesis; 3.4.1 RM Synthesis Deconvolution; 3.4.2 Wavelet Based RM Synthesis; 3.5 Outlook; References; 4 Interstellar Grain Alignment: Observational Status; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Grain Alignment Theories; 4.2.1 Theoretical Predictions Amenable to Observational Tests; 4.2.1.1 Paramagnetic Relaxation; 4.2.1.2 Mechanical Alignment; 4.2.1.3 Radiative Alignment; 4.3 Observational Considerations

4.4 Observational Constraints on Grain Alignment Mechanisms4.4.1 Davis-Greenstein Alignment; 4.4.2 Super-Paramagnetic Alignment; 4.4.3 Suprathermal Spin Alignment; 4.4.4 Mechanical (Gold) Alignment; 4.4.5 Radiative Alignment; Summary and Conclusions; References; 5 Magnetic Field Measurement with Ground State Alignment; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 History on Studies Related to Atomic Alignment ; 5.3 Basic Physics of GSA; 5.3.1 Timescales; 5.3.2 Different Regimes; 5.4 Polarization of Absorption Lines; 5.4.1 Is There Any Circular Polarization?; 5.5 IR/Submilimetre Transitions Within Ground State

5.6 Atoms with Hyperfine Structure5.7 Polarization of Resonance and Fluorescence Lines; 5.8 Influence of Magnetic field on Polarization and Line Intensity; 5.9 Observational Perspective; 5.9.1 Interstellar Absorption and 3D Magnetic Field Measurement; 5.9.2 Circumstellar Absorption; 5.9.3 Fluorescence from Reflection Nebulae; 5.9.4 Magnetic Field in PDR Regions; 5.10 Observational Tests; 5.11 GSA and Cosmological Studies; 5.11.1 Magnetic Field in the Epoch of Reionization?; 5.11.2 Influence on Abundance Studies; 5.11.3 Metal Detection in Early Universe; 5.12 Feasibility of GSA Studies