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Table of Contents
Supervisor's Foreword; Abstract; Acknowledgments; Contents; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Background; 1.2 Main Objectives; 1.3 Thesis Structure; References; 2 Research Background; 2.1 Sources of Black Carbon in the Atmosphere; 2.2 Climate Effects of Black Carbon; 2.3 Health Effects of Black Carbon; 2.4 Emission Inventories of Black Carbon; 2.5 Health Assessments of Black Carbon; References; 3 Research Method; 3.1 Global High-Resolution Fuel Database in 2007 (PKU-FUEL-2007); 3.1.1 Combustion Sources; 3.1.2 Compilation of Fuel Consumption Data; 3.1.3 Construction of CO2 Emission Maps
3.1.4 Uncertainty of the Fuel and CO2 Inventory3.2 Estimation of BC Emissions; 3.2.1 Emission Factors of BC; 3.2.2 Technology Splits; 3.2.3 Fuel Consumption Data; 3.3 Atmospheric Transport Models of BC; References; 4 Development of a High-Resolution Fuel Consumptions Database; 4.1 Global Fuel Consumption by Sector in 2007; 4.2 High-Resolution Maps of Fuel Consumptions; 4.3 High-Resolution Maps of CO2 Emissions; 4.4 Comparison with a Traditionally Disaggregated Map; 4.5 Uncertainty of the Data; References; 5 Global Black Carbon Emissions from Motor Vehicles
5.1 Regression Models of BC Emission Factors for Motor Vehicles5.2 Effect of Technology Transfer from Developed to Developing Countries; 5.3 Global BC Emissions from Motor Vehicles; 5.4 Emission Factors for Battery Coking; References; 6 Emissions of Black Carbon in China from 1949 to 2050; 6.1 BC Emissions from China in 2007; 6.2 County-Level BC Emissions in China; 6.3 Comparison with a Mock-Up Inventory; 6.4 Comparison with Previous Inventories; 6.5 BC Emissions in China from 1949 to 2007; 6.6 BC Emissions in China from 2008 to 2050; References
7 Global Emissions of Black Carbon from 1960 to 20077.1 Global BC Emissions in 2007; 7.2 Historical BC Emissions from 1960 to 2007; References; 8 Concentration, Ambient Exposure, and Inhalation Intake of Black Carbon; 8.1 Modelled Surface Concentrations of BC; 8.2 Evaluation of the Modelled Surface BC Concentrations; 8.3 Seasonal Variations of Surface BC Concentrations; 8.4 Downscaling of BC Concentrations to 0.1° × 0.1°; 8.5 Global Ambient Exposure to Black Carbon; 8.6 Intake of Black Carbon by Inhalation; References; 9 Conclusions
3.1.4 Uncertainty of the Fuel and CO2 Inventory3.2 Estimation of BC Emissions; 3.2.1 Emission Factors of BC; 3.2.2 Technology Splits; 3.2.3 Fuel Consumption Data; 3.3 Atmospheric Transport Models of BC; References; 4 Development of a High-Resolution Fuel Consumptions Database; 4.1 Global Fuel Consumption by Sector in 2007; 4.2 High-Resolution Maps of Fuel Consumptions; 4.3 High-Resolution Maps of CO2 Emissions; 4.4 Comparison with a Traditionally Disaggregated Map; 4.5 Uncertainty of the Data; References; 5 Global Black Carbon Emissions from Motor Vehicles
5.1 Regression Models of BC Emission Factors for Motor Vehicles5.2 Effect of Technology Transfer from Developed to Developing Countries; 5.3 Global BC Emissions from Motor Vehicles; 5.4 Emission Factors for Battery Coking; References; 6 Emissions of Black Carbon in China from 1949 to 2050; 6.1 BC Emissions from China in 2007; 6.2 County-Level BC Emissions in China; 6.3 Comparison with a Mock-Up Inventory; 6.4 Comparison with Previous Inventories; 6.5 BC Emissions in China from 1949 to 2007; 6.6 BC Emissions in China from 2008 to 2050; References
7 Global Emissions of Black Carbon from 1960 to 20077.1 Global BC Emissions in 2007; 7.2 Historical BC Emissions from 1960 to 2007; References; 8 Concentration, Ambient Exposure, and Inhalation Intake of Black Carbon; 8.1 Modelled Surface Concentrations of BC; 8.2 Evaluation of the Modelled Surface BC Concentrations; 8.3 Seasonal Variations of Surface BC Concentrations; 8.4 Downscaling of BC Concentrations to 0.1° × 0.1°; 8.5 Global Ambient Exposure to Black Carbon; 8.6 Intake of Black Carbon by Inhalation; References; 9 Conclusions