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Table of Contents
Preface; Contents; Contributors; 1: Ultrasound in the First Trimester and Earlier: How to Keep It Safe; Bioeffects of Ultrasound; Thermal Effects; Non-thermal Effects; The Output Display Standard (OSD); Ultrasound and the Ovum; Ultrasound in Early Gestation; Fetal Susceptibility to External Insults; Is Doppler Different and Can It Have Detrimental Effects on the Fetus in the First Trimester?; Acoustic Output; 3D/4D Ultrasound; How to Limit Fetal Exposure and Safety Statements; Summary; Teaching Points; References; 2: Ultrasound and Infertility; Baseline Evaluation; Uterus; Ovaries.
Adnexa Miscellaneous; Saline Infusion Sonohysterogram; Follicular Monitoring Ultrasounds; Ultrasound in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Procedures; Oocyte Retrieval; Embryo Transfer; Miscellaneous; Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography; Pregnancy and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss; Teaching Points; References; 3: Maternal Comorbidities and First-Trimester Ultrasound Examination; Introduction; Maternal Comorbidities; Pregestational Diabetes; Obesity; Maternal Conditions Associated with Congenital Heart Defects; Maternal Vascular Disease; Summary; Teaching Points; References.
4: First-Trimester Embryology: An OverviewIntroduction; Signaling Pathways Identified for Normal Embryo Development; Development of the Bilaminar Embryo (Weeks 1-2); Embryonic Weeks 3-4; Formation of the Neural Tube; Embryonic Weeks 5-8; Division of the Embryonic Cavities and Diaphragm; Development of the Fetal Face; Development of the Respiratory System; Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract; Development of the Urogenital System; Highlights of Cardiac Development; Early Cardiac Development; Cardiac Septae Formation and Valvular Development; Atrioventricular (AV) Septum.
Atrial SeptumVentricular Septum; Aorticopulmonary (AP) Septum; Development of the Lymphatic System; Summary; Teaching Points; References; 5: Elements of Teratology; Definition; Perception of Teratogenic Risk; Teratogens; Drugs in Pregnancy; Alcohol; Aminopterin; Benzodiazepines; Carbamazepine; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Cocaine; Corticosteroids; Diethylstilbestrol; Lithium; Methotrexate; Methyl Mercury, Mercury Sulfide; Misoprostol; Mycophenolate Mofetil; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Penicillamine; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin; Systemic Retinoids; Thalidomide; Valproic Acid; Warfarin.
InfectionsCytomegalovirus; Parvovirus B19; Rubella; Toxoplasma Gondii; Treponema Pallidum; Varicella; Physical Factors; Ionizing Radiation; Non-ionizing Radiation; Ultrasound Waves; Summary; Teaching Points; References; 6: First-Trimester Ultrasound: Guidelines; Equipment; Indications; Timing of First-Trimester Ultrasound; Content of the Examination; Pregnancy Location; Fetal Number; Assessment of Viability; Early Pregnancy Measurements; Assessment of Gestational Age; Assessment of Fetal Anatomy; Fetal Aneuploidy Assessment; Other Intrauterine and Extrauterine Structures.
Adnexa Miscellaneous; Saline Infusion Sonohysterogram; Follicular Monitoring Ultrasounds; Ultrasound in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Procedures; Oocyte Retrieval; Embryo Transfer; Miscellaneous; Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography; Pregnancy and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss; Teaching Points; References; 3: Maternal Comorbidities and First-Trimester Ultrasound Examination; Introduction; Maternal Comorbidities; Pregestational Diabetes; Obesity; Maternal Conditions Associated with Congenital Heart Defects; Maternal Vascular Disease; Summary; Teaching Points; References.
4: First-Trimester Embryology: An OverviewIntroduction; Signaling Pathways Identified for Normal Embryo Development; Development of the Bilaminar Embryo (Weeks 1-2); Embryonic Weeks 3-4; Formation of the Neural Tube; Embryonic Weeks 5-8; Division of the Embryonic Cavities and Diaphragm; Development of the Fetal Face; Development of the Respiratory System; Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract; Development of the Urogenital System; Highlights of Cardiac Development; Early Cardiac Development; Cardiac Septae Formation and Valvular Development; Atrioventricular (AV) Septum.
Atrial SeptumVentricular Septum; Aorticopulmonary (AP) Septum; Development of the Lymphatic System; Summary; Teaching Points; References; 5: Elements of Teratology; Definition; Perception of Teratogenic Risk; Teratogens; Drugs in Pregnancy; Alcohol; Aminopterin; Benzodiazepines; Carbamazepine; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Cocaine; Corticosteroids; Diethylstilbestrol; Lithium; Methotrexate; Methyl Mercury, Mercury Sulfide; Misoprostol; Mycophenolate Mofetil; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Penicillamine; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin; Systemic Retinoids; Thalidomide; Valproic Acid; Warfarin.
InfectionsCytomegalovirus; Parvovirus B19; Rubella; Toxoplasma Gondii; Treponema Pallidum; Varicella; Physical Factors; Ionizing Radiation; Non-ionizing Radiation; Ultrasound Waves; Summary; Teaching Points; References; 6: First-Trimester Ultrasound: Guidelines; Equipment; Indications; Timing of First-Trimester Ultrasound; Content of the Examination; Pregnancy Location; Fetal Number; Assessment of Viability; Early Pregnancy Measurements; Assessment of Gestational Age; Assessment of Fetal Anatomy; Fetal Aneuploidy Assessment; Other Intrauterine and Extrauterine Structures.