1 The (Almost) Impossible Task of Interdisciplinarity; Abstract; 1 What Is at Stake?; 2 Interdisciplinary Perspective; 3 Computers and the Ability to Anticipate; 4 Constraints, Programming, and Knowing Before Knowing; 5 Living in a World of Fast-Expanding Vulnerability; Acknowledgments; References; Part I Theoretical and General Aspects of Anticipation ; 2 Anticipation of Random Future Events; Abstract; 1 Physiological Anticipation of Future Events; 1.1 The Phenomenon; 1.2 Neuro- and Psychophysiological Evidence; 1.3 Behavioral Evidence; 2 Tentative Interpretations

3 Practical Applications4 Final Comments; References; 3 The Birth Defect of the Information Processing Approach; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 The Fault of the Information Processing Approach; 3 The Reafference Principle: Control of Perception by Anticipation; 4 The Ideomotor Principle: Control of Behaviour by Anticipation; 5 An Experimental Demonstration of the IMP; 6 The Interplay of the Reafference and the Ideomotor Principle: Structuring the `Mental World' by Anticipation; References; 4 An Epistemological Compromise Between Actor and Observer; Abstract; 1 Introduction

2 Computational Model of Prediction3 General System Using Reinforcement Learning; 3.1 Desirability; 3.2 Choice and Strategy; 3.3 Confidence and Predictability; 3.4 Example Implementation; 3.5 Selection Strategy; 3.6 Anticipation; 4 Epistemological Limitations; 5 Interaction-Free Measurement; 5.1 Elitzur-Vaidman Bomb-Testing Problem; 5.2 Elitzur-Dolev Choice of Histories; 6 Conclusion; References; Part II Anticipation in Biological and Physiological Systems ; 5 Future Perception in Plants; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Modes and Implications of Future Perception in Plants

2.1 Mild Predicts Acute, Minor Correlates with Major2.2 Pure Signals and Cues: Non-functional Proxies for Functional Utilities; 2.3 Trajectory Perception; 2.4 Eavesdrop on Thy Neighbor; 2.5 Trans-Generational Inheritance; 3 Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References; 6 Certain and Uncertain Futures in the Brain; Abstract; 1 Memory of the Future; 2 Hierarchies in the Prefrontal Cortex; 3 Anticipation and Emotion; 4 Certainty and Uncertainty in the Future; 5 General Discussion; References; 7 Neural Systems Underlying the Prediction of Complex Events; Abstract

1 Prediction in Cognitive Neuroscience2 `Event' in `Event Prediction'; 3 Dynamic-Forward Prediction; 4 Prediction of Observed Action; 4.1 Objects, Rooms and Actors as (Predictive) Cues; 4.2 Script Knowledge; 4.3 Using Stochastic Structures in Action Sequences; 5 Concluding Remarks; References; 8 Time and Consciousness; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Consciousness Creates Time: Theoretical Considerations; 3 Consciousness Creates Time: Empirical Evidence; 4 Retro-Causality, Time Travel, and the Grandfather Paradox; 5 Retro-Causality and Supra-Luminal Signal Transfer