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Preface; Contents; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Preamble; 1.1.1 History of Manufacture of Sulphuric Acid in India; 1.1.2 History of Manufacture of Sulphuric Acid; 1.1.2.1 Sulphuric Acid Manufacture has Flourished Since the Mid-19th Century; 1.1.3 Salient Features of the Modified (3 + 2) DCDA Process; 2 Chemical and Physical Properties of Sulphur Dioxide and Sulphur Trioxide; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Sulphur Dioxide Physical Properties; 2.3 Vaporisation of SO2; 2.4 The Solubility of SO2 in Sulphuric Acid; 2.5 Solubility of Sulphur Dioxide in Water; 2.6 Chemical Properties of Sulphur Dioxide
2.7 Physical Properties of Sulphur Trioxide2.8 General Properties of Liquid Sulphur Trioxide; 2.9 Properties of Liquid Sulphur Trioxide; 2.10 Viscosity of Liquid Sulphur Trioxide; 2.11 Specific Gravity of Sulphur Trioxide; 2.12 Vapour Pressure of Liquid Sulphur Trioxide; 2.13 Molar Heat Capacity of Liquid Sulphur Trioxide; 2.14 Vaporisation Curves for Sulphur Dioxide; 2.15 Enthalpy of Sulphur Trioxide Gas; 2.16 Chemical Properties of Sulphur Trioxide
2.16.1 Commercially Sulphur Trioxide Is Produced by Converting 10
12 % SO2 by Catalytic Conversion at Temperatures Between 360
600 ̊C in Multipass Converter of Sulphuric Acid Plant2.17 One of the Special Chemical Properties of SO3 Which Has Been Safer but not Explored till date; 2.18 Sulphur Trioxide Is a Strong Sulphonating Agent for Difficult, Organic and Inorganic Chemicals; 2.18.1 Treatment of Sulphuric Acid Plant Tail Gas from Final Absorption Tower; 3 Manufacture of Sulphonating Agents Such as 25 and 65 % Oleums as well as Liquid Sulphur Trioxide; 3.1 Introduction
3.2 Production of 25 % Oleum3.2.1 History; 3.3 Technical Considerations; 3.4 Manufacturing; 3.5 65 % Oleum; 3.5.1 Introduction; 3.6 Manufacturing; 3.7 Uses; 3.8 Sulphur Trioxide (Liquid or Gas); 3.8.1 Introduction; 3.9 Manufacture; 3.10 Economic Considerations; 4 Manufacture of Liquid Sulphur Dioxide; 4.1 Manufacture of Liquid Sulphur Dioxide; 4.2 Thermodynamic and Kinetic Consideration of the NEAT's Process; 4.3 International Scenario; 4.4 Merchant Market for SO2 in Various for Many Industrial Applications; 4.5 Process Description; 4.6 Operational Considerations
4.6.1 Condensation and Filling Section4.7 Economics; 4.8 Environmental Considerations; 4.9 Conclusion; 5 World Production of Liquid SO2 and SO3; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 World Scenario; 5.2.1 Comparative Analysis on Techno Economic Considerations; 5.3 Economics of Manufacture of Liquid SO2; 5.4 Economics of Manufacture of Liquid SO3; 5.5 Conclusion; 6 Techno Economic Evaluation of Processes Involved to Manufacture Liquid Sulphur Dioxide and Liquid Sulphur Trioxide; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 History
2.7 Physical Properties of Sulphur Trioxide2.8 General Properties of Liquid Sulphur Trioxide; 2.9 Properties of Liquid Sulphur Trioxide; 2.10 Viscosity of Liquid Sulphur Trioxide; 2.11 Specific Gravity of Sulphur Trioxide; 2.12 Vapour Pressure of Liquid Sulphur Trioxide; 2.13 Molar Heat Capacity of Liquid Sulphur Trioxide; 2.14 Vaporisation Curves for Sulphur Dioxide; 2.15 Enthalpy of Sulphur Trioxide Gas; 2.16 Chemical Properties of Sulphur Trioxide
2.16.1 Commercially Sulphur Trioxide Is Produced by Converting 10
12 % SO2 by Catalytic Conversion at Temperatures Between 360
600 ̊C in Multipass Converter of Sulphuric Acid Plant2.17 One of the Special Chemical Properties of SO3 Which Has Been Safer but not Explored till date; 2.18 Sulphur Trioxide Is a Strong Sulphonating Agent for Difficult, Organic and Inorganic Chemicals; 2.18.1 Treatment of Sulphuric Acid Plant Tail Gas from Final Absorption Tower; 3 Manufacture of Sulphonating Agents Such as 25 and 65 % Oleums as well as Liquid Sulphur Trioxide; 3.1 Introduction
3.2 Production of 25 % Oleum3.2.1 History; 3.3 Technical Considerations; 3.4 Manufacturing; 3.5 65 % Oleum; 3.5.1 Introduction; 3.6 Manufacturing; 3.7 Uses; 3.8 Sulphur Trioxide (Liquid or Gas); 3.8.1 Introduction; 3.9 Manufacture; 3.10 Economic Considerations; 4 Manufacture of Liquid Sulphur Dioxide; 4.1 Manufacture of Liquid Sulphur Dioxide; 4.2 Thermodynamic and Kinetic Consideration of the NEAT's Process; 4.3 International Scenario; 4.4 Merchant Market for SO2 in Various for Many Industrial Applications; 4.5 Process Description; 4.6 Operational Considerations
4.6.1 Condensation and Filling Section4.7 Economics; 4.8 Environmental Considerations; 4.9 Conclusion; 5 World Production of Liquid SO2 and SO3; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 World Scenario; 5.2.1 Comparative Analysis on Techno Economic Considerations; 5.3 Economics of Manufacture of Liquid SO2; 5.4 Economics of Manufacture of Liquid SO3; 5.5 Conclusion; 6 Techno Economic Evaluation of Processes Involved to Manufacture Liquid Sulphur Dioxide and Liquid Sulphur Trioxide; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 History