Parts of this thesis have been published in the following journal articles:; Supervisor's Foreword; Abstract; Acknowledgments; Contents; 1 Introduction; Abstract; 1.1 Transient Non-Fourier Heat Conduction; 1.2 Steady Non-Fourier Heat Conduction in Nanosystems; 1.3 Non-Fourier Heat Conduction and Irreversible Thermodynamics; 1.3.1 Classical Irreversible Thermodynamics; 1.3.2 Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics (EIT); 1.4 Conclusion; References; 2 Dynamical Governing Equations of Non-Fourier Heat Conduction; Abstract; 2.1 Mass
Energy Duality of Heat.

2.2 Governing Equations of Phonon Gas Dynamics2.3 Microscopic Foundation; 2.3.1 Phonon Boltzmann Derivation; 2.3.2 Chapman
Enskog Expansion; 2.3.3 Eigenvalue Analysis; 2.4 Conclusion; References; 3 General Entropy Production Based on Dynamical Analysis; Abstract; 3.1 Extended Entropy Production; 3.2 Heat Conduction; 3.3 Mass Diffusion; 3.4 Electrical Conduction; 3.5 Momentum Transport; 3.6 Conclusion; References; 4 Nonequilibrium Temperature in Non-Fourier Heat Conduction; Abstract; 4.1 Nonequilibrium Temperature in EIT; 4.2 Zeroth Law; 4.3 Second Law; 4.4 Phonon Boltzmann Derivation.

4.5 ConclusionReferences; 5 Dynamical Analysis of Onsager Reciprocal Relations (ORR); Abstract; 5.1 Basic Assumptions of ORR; 5.2 Generalized Forces and Fluxes Based on Thermomass Theory; 5.3 Macroscopic Proof of ORR; 5.4 Conclusion; References; 6 Dynamical Analysis of Heat Conduction in Nanosystems and Its Application; Abstract; 6.1 Existing Models for Heat Conduction in Nanosystems; 6.2 Phonon Gas Dynamics Based on Thermomass Theory; 6.2.1 Viscosity of Phonon Gas; 6.2.2 Rarefication Effect of Phonon Gas; 6.3 In-Plane Thermal Conductivity of Si Nanosystems.

6.4 Cross-Plane Thermal Conductivity of Nanofilms6.5 Conclusion; References; 7 Conclusion.