Foreword; Contents; Editors and Contributors; 1 Introduction ; Abstract ; Part I Public International Law; 2 Towards an EU Position on Armed Drones and Targeted Killing? ; Abstract ; 2.1 Introduction; 2.1.1 US Policy on the Use of Armed Drones and Targeted Killing; 2.1.2 Initial Reactions to US Policy; 2.1.3 Possible Consequences of Public Silence from EU Member States; 2.1.4 Purpose and Outline of This Chapter; 2.2 The Position of EU Member States on the Use of Armed Drones and Targeted Killing; 2.2.1 Methodology and Content of the Questionnaire

2.2.2 Statistical Results of the Questionnaire2.2.3 Substantive Results of the Questionnaire and the Position of EU Member States; 2.3 Normative Pronouncements from Other Entities Than States; 2.3.1 Introduction; 2.3.2 International and Regional Organizations and Institutions; 2.3.3 Dutch Advisory Committee on Issues of Public International Law Report; 2.3.4 European Council on Foreign Relations Paper; 2.4 Conclusion; 2.4.1 Authors' Response; 2.4.2 Looking Ahead; 2.4.3 Concrete Recommendations; References; 3 The Protection of Nationals Abroad: A Return to Old Practice? ; Abstract

3.1 Introduction3.2 What Is PNA?; 3.2.1 Early Theories; 3.2.2 A Definition?; 3.3 Protecting Nationals Abroad Without the Use of Force?; 3.3.1 Diplomatic Protection; 3.3.2 Which Nationals?; 3.4 Protecting Nationals Abroad by Means of Force; 3.4.1 PNA and the Use of Force; 3.4.2 PNA as an Extension of Self-defence; 3.4.3 (Lack of) Consent and Mandate; 3.4.4 PNA and State Responsibility; 3.5 Case Examples; 3.5.1 Introduction; 3.5.2 Post World War II Examples; 3.5.3 Recent RF Actions; 3.6 Concluding Remarks; References; 4 The 'Unwilling or Unable' Test and the Law of Self-defence ; Abstract

4.1 Introduction4.2 Relevant Practice and the Troubled Youth of the 'Unwilling or Unable' Test; 4.2.1 Relevant State Practice in the 1950s-1990s; 4.2.2 Relevant Practice of the United Nations Security Council and Other UN Organs; 4.2.3 Post-911 Developments; 4.3 The Current Status of the 'Unwilling or Unable' Test; 4.4 Anatomy of the 'Unwilling or Unable' Test; 4.4.1 Unwilling or Unable-the Hypothetical; 4.4.2 Unwilling or Unable-the Analysis; 4.5 Syria, ISIS and the 'Unwilling or Unable' Test; 4.6 Conclusion: The Power of Precedents; References; Part II European Union Law

5 Protection of Fundamental Rights in Third Countries Through EU External Trade Policy: The Cases of Conflict Minerals and Timber Abstract ; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Upholding Fundamental Rights in EU External Action; 5.3 The EU's Sustainable Development Strategy; 5.4 Responsibilities of European Companies for Impacts Outside the EU; 5.5 Case Study: Trade in Timber and Timber Products; 5.5.1 Introduction; 5.5.2 The EU Legal Regime on Trade in Timber and Timber Products; 5.6 Case Study: Import of Conflict Minerals; 5.6.1 Introduction