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Table of Contents
Series Editors; Managing Editor; Advisory Board; Preface; Contents; List of Figures; List of Tables; 1 Introduction; References; 2 State of Art and Theory of Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) ; 2.1 Definition and Drivers of SGD; 2.2 The Worldwide Studies of SGD; 2.3 Significance of SGD; 2.3.1 SGD as a Source of Nutrients and Biological Effects on the Coastal Ocean; 2.3.2 SGD as a Source of Metals to the Marine Coastal Ecosystems; 2.3.3 SGD as a Source of Mercury to the Marine Coastal Ecosystems; 2.3.4 SGD as a Source of Dissolved Carbon Species to the Coastal Marine Ecosystems.
2.3.5 SGD Impact on Coastal Ecology2.4 Methods Used to Measure SGD; 2.4.1 Seepage Meter; 2.4.2 Piezometers; 2.4.3 Natural Tracers; 2.4.4 Infrared Imaging; 2.4.5 GIS Topology; 2.4.6 Hydrologic Approach; 2.4.7 Mathematical Models; References; 3 Characteristic of the Baltic Sea; 3.1 The Baltic Sea. General Outline; 3.2 Baltic Proper; 3.3 The Baltic Sea-Surface Sediments and Sedimentation Processes; 3.4 Gda0144sk Bay, Bay of Puck and Pomeranian Bay; 3.4.1 Gda0144sk Bay; 3.4.2 Bay of Puck; 3.4.3 Pomeranian Bay; 3.5 Estuaries; 3.5.1 Water Exchange Conditions; 3.6 Bottom Sediments.
3.7 Characterization of Submarine Groundwater Discharge in the Baltic Sea3.7.1 Submarine Groundwater Discharge to the Ocean; 3.7.2 Groundwater Discharge to the Baltic Sea; 3.7.3 Groundwater Discharge to the Eckernförde Bay (Western Baltic Sea); 3.7.4 Groundwater Discharge to the Gulf of Finland; 3.7.5 Groundwater Discharge to the Southern Baltic Sea; References; 4 Research on Submarine Groundwater Discharge in the Baltic Sea; 4.1 Aims, Scope and General Characteristics; 4.1.1 Aims of the Study; 4.1.2 Description of the Study Area and Sampling; 4.1.3 The Studied Properties of Seeping Water.
4.2 Research on Salinity, pH, ORP, Nutrients, Metals, Dissolved Organic Carbon and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Distribution in SGD Impacted Area4.2.1 Salinity Distribution; 4.2.2 The Sediment Pore Water pH; 4.2.3 The Sediment Pore Water ORP; 4.2.4 Nutrients Distribution; 4.2.5 Dissolved Organic and Inorganic Carbon Distribution; 4.2.6 Distribution of Trace Metals; 4.3 The Processes Influencing Chemical Substances Concentrations in the Groundwater Impacted Area; 4.3.1 Conservative Mixing; 4.3.2 Unconservative Mixing; 4.3.3 The Importance of Groundwater Redox Chemistry.
4.4 Upscaling Nutrients, Dissolved Carbon, and Metals Loads Delivered to the Southern Baltic Sea Via SGD4.4.1 Nutrients, Dissolved Carbon, and Metls Fluxes Via SGD to the Study Area; 4.4.2 Nutrients, Dissolved Carbon and Metals Fluxes Via SGD to the Bay of Puck; 4.4.3 Nutrients, Metals and Dissolved Carbon Loads Via SGD to the Baltic Sea; 4.5 Assessment of the Global Chemical Substances Fluxes Via SGD; References; 5 Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References; Index.
2.3.5 SGD Impact on Coastal Ecology2.4 Methods Used to Measure SGD; 2.4.1 Seepage Meter; 2.4.2 Piezometers; 2.4.3 Natural Tracers; 2.4.4 Infrared Imaging; 2.4.5 GIS Topology; 2.4.6 Hydrologic Approach; 2.4.7 Mathematical Models; References; 3 Characteristic of the Baltic Sea; 3.1 The Baltic Sea. General Outline; 3.2 Baltic Proper; 3.3 The Baltic Sea-Surface Sediments and Sedimentation Processes; 3.4 Gda0144sk Bay, Bay of Puck and Pomeranian Bay; 3.4.1 Gda0144sk Bay; 3.4.2 Bay of Puck; 3.4.3 Pomeranian Bay; 3.5 Estuaries; 3.5.1 Water Exchange Conditions; 3.6 Bottom Sediments.
3.7 Characterization of Submarine Groundwater Discharge in the Baltic Sea3.7.1 Submarine Groundwater Discharge to the Ocean; 3.7.2 Groundwater Discharge to the Baltic Sea; 3.7.3 Groundwater Discharge to the Eckernförde Bay (Western Baltic Sea); 3.7.4 Groundwater Discharge to the Gulf of Finland; 3.7.5 Groundwater Discharge to the Southern Baltic Sea; References; 4 Research on Submarine Groundwater Discharge in the Baltic Sea; 4.1 Aims, Scope and General Characteristics; 4.1.1 Aims of the Study; 4.1.2 Description of the Study Area and Sampling; 4.1.3 The Studied Properties of Seeping Water.
4.2 Research on Salinity, pH, ORP, Nutrients, Metals, Dissolved Organic Carbon and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Distribution in SGD Impacted Area4.2.1 Salinity Distribution; 4.2.2 The Sediment Pore Water pH; 4.2.3 The Sediment Pore Water ORP; 4.2.4 Nutrients Distribution; 4.2.5 Dissolved Organic and Inorganic Carbon Distribution; 4.2.6 Distribution of Trace Metals; 4.3 The Processes Influencing Chemical Substances Concentrations in the Groundwater Impacted Area; 4.3.1 Conservative Mixing; 4.3.2 Unconservative Mixing; 4.3.3 The Importance of Groundwater Redox Chemistry.
4.4 Upscaling Nutrients, Dissolved Carbon, and Metals Loads Delivered to the Southern Baltic Sea Via SGD4.4.1 Nutrients, Dissolved Carbon, and Metls Fluxes Via SGD to the Study Area; 4.4.2 Nutrients, Dissolved Carbon and Metals Fluxes Via SGD to the Bay of Puck; 4.4.3 Nutrients, Metals and Dissolved Carbon Loads Via SGD to the Baltic Sea; 4.5 Assessment of the Global Chemical Substances Fluxes Via SGD; References; 5 Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References; Index.