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Foreword; Contents; Chapter 1: Tracheostomy: From Surgical to Percutaneous Techniques; References; Chapter 2: Anatomical and Sonographic Landmark; 2.1 Rationale; 2.2 Anatomy; 2.2.1 Structure of the Trachea; 2.2.2 Vascularisation; 2.2.3 Transverse Section of the Neck; 2.2.4 Longitudinal Section of the Neck; 2.3 Principles of Ultrasonography; 2.3.1 Introduction; 2.3.2 Hardware; 2.4 Ultrasonographic Anatomy; 2.4.1 Transverse Scan of the Neck; 2.4.2 Longitudinal Scan of the Neck; 2.5 Ultrasound-Assisted Percutaneous Tracheostomy; 2.5.1 Anatomical Study
2.5.2 Location of the Right Level to Perform Tracheostomy2.5.3 Puncture of the Trachea; References; Chapter 3: Indication and Timing; 3.1 Indication for Tracheostomy; 3.2 Benefits of Tracheostomy; 3.2.1 Patient's Comfort; 3.2.2 Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation; 3.2.3 Incidence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia; 3.3 Timing of Tracheostomy; 3.3.1 Timing of Tracheostomy in Neurocritical Patients; 3.4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: Surgical Tracheostomy; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Anatomy; 4.3 Indications; 4.4 Surgical Technique; References
Chapter 5: Percutaneous Tracheostomy: The Ciaglia Techniques5.1 Skin Incision; 5.2 Dilation; 5.3 Which Ciaglia Technique Should I Use?; References; Chapter 6: Balloon Dilation Tracheostomy; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Why Pneumatic Dilation; 6.3 Procedure; 6.4 Balloon Dilation Tracheostomy in Literature; 6.5 Conclusion; References; Chapter 7: Percutaneous Tracheostomy: The Guide Wire Dilating Forceps Technique; 7.1 Pros and Cons of the GWDF Technique; 7.2 Late Outcome; References; Chapter 8: Frova's Rotational Technique and Fantoni's Translaryngeal Tracheostomy; 8.1 Translaryngeal Tracheotomy
8.1.1 Procedural Steps8.1.2 Translaryngeal Tracheotomy Advantages; 8.1.3 Translaryngeal Tracheotomy Disadvantages; 8.2 Rotational Technique; 8.2.1 Procedural Steps; 8.2.2 Rotational Technique Advantages; 8.2.3 Rotational Technique Disadvantages; References; Chapter 9: Choice of the Appropriate Tracheostomy Technique; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Results from RCTs; 9.3 Comparisons in Non-RCT Studies; 9.4 Current Practice; 9.5 Choosing the Best Technique for High-Risk Subgroups; 9.5.1 Obesity; 9.5.2 Patients at Higher Risk of Bleeding; 9.5.3 Severe Hypoxaemia; 9.5.4 Neurosurgical Patients
9.5.5 Long-Term Outcomes9.5.5.1 Tracheal Stenosis; 9.5.5.2 Hoarseness, Disturbing Symptoms and Vocal Cord Paralysis; 9.5.5.3 Cosmetic Issues; 9.6 Conclusions; References; Chapter 10: Complications of Percutaneous and Surgical Tracheostomy in Critically Ill Patients; References; Chapter 11: Emergency Percutaneous Tracheotomy; 11.1 The Emergency Airway: Definition; 11.2 Invasive Airway Access; 11.2.1 Cricothyroidotomy; 11.2.2 Tracheotomy; 11.2.3 PT to Assess the Airway of Patients with an Expected "No Ventilation, No Intubation" Situation; 11.3 Conclusions; References
2.5.2 Location of the Right Level to Perform Tracheostomy2.5.3 Puncture of the Trachea; References; Chapter 3: Indication and Timing; 3.1 Indication for Tracheostomy; 3.2 Benefits of Tracheostomy; 3.2.1 Patient's Comfort; 3.2.2 Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation; 3.2.3 Incidence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia; 3.3 Timing of Tracheostomy; 3.3.1 Timing of Tracheostomy in Neurocritical Patients; 3.4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: Surgical Tracheostomy; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Anatomy; 4.3 Indications; 4.4 Surgical Technique; References
Chapter 5: Percutaneous Tracheostomy: The Ciaglia Techniques5.1 Skin Incision; 5.2 Dilation; 5.3 Which Ciaglia Technique Should I Use?; References; Chapter 6: Balloon Dilation Tracheostomy; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Why Pneumatic Dilation; 6.3 Procedure; 6.4 Balloon Dilation Tracheostomy in Literature; 6.5 Conclusion; References; Chapter 7: Percutaneous Tracheostomy: The Guide Wire Dilating Forceps Technique; 7.1 Pros and Cons of the GWDF Technique; 7.2 Late Outcome; References; Chapter 8: Frova's Rotational Technique and Fantoni's Translaryngeal Tracheostomy; 8.1 Translaryngeal Tracheotomy
8.1.1 Procedural Steps8.1.2 Translaryngeal Tracheotomy Advantages; 8.1.3 Translaryngeal Tracheotomy Disadvantages; 8.2 Rotational Technique; 8.2.1 Procedural Steps; 8.2.2 Rotational Technique Advantages; 8.2.3 Rotational Technique Disadvantages; References; Chapter 9: Choice of the Appropriate Tracheostomy Technique; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Results from RCTs; 9.3 Comparisons in Non-RCT Studies; 9.4 Current Practice; 9.5 Choosing the Best Technique for High-Risk Subgroups; 9.5.1 Obesity; 9.5.2 Patients at Higher Risk of Bleeding; 9.5.3 Severe Hypoxaemia; 9.5.4 Neurosurgical Patients
9.5.5 Long-Term Outcomes9.5.5.1 Tracheal Stenosis; 9.5.5.2 Hoarseness, Disturbing Symptoms and Vocal Cord Paralysis; 9.5.5.3 Cosmetic Issues; 9.6 Conclusions; References; Chapter 10: Complications of Percutaneous and Surgical Tracheostomy in Critically Ill Patients; References; Chapter 11: Emergency Percutaneous Tracheotomy; 11.1 The Emergency Airway: Definition; 11.2 Invasive Airway Access; 11.2.1 Cricothyroidotomy; 11.2.2 Tracheotomy; 11.2.3 PT to Assess the Airway of Patients with an Expected "No Ventilation, No Intubation" Situation; 11.3 Conclusions; References