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Supervisor's Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgments; Contents; About the Author; Abbreviations ; List of Figures; List of Tables; 1 Introduction; 1.1 CMB; 1.1.1 CMB Anisotropies; 1.1.2 Observational Status of the Temperature Power Spectrum; 1.1.3 CMB Polarisation; 1.1.4 Observational Status of the CMB Polarisation; 1.2 Emission Mechanisms at GHz Frequencies; 1.2.1 Synchrotron Radiation; 1.2.2 Synchrotron Polarisation; 1.2.3 Free-Free Emission; 1.2.4 Free-Free Polarisation; 1.2.5 Anomalous Microwave Emission; 1.2.6 AME Polarisation; 1.2.7 Thermal Dust; 1.2.8 Thermal Dust Polarisation; References
2 Analysis Techniques for WMAP Polarisation Data2.1 WMAP 9-Year Data ; 2.1.1 WMAP 9-Year Maps; 2.2 WMAP Sky Simulation; 2.3 Smoothing; 2.3.1 WMAP Noise Simulations; 2.3.2 Optimal Nside; 2.4 Unsharp Mask; 2.5 Polarisation Bias; 2.5.1 Symmetric Uncertainties; 2.5.2 Asymmetric Uncertainties; 2.5.3 Known Angle Estimator; 2.5.4 Tests of the Estimators; 2.5.5 Bias-Corrected Polarisation Maps; 2.6 Polarisation Upper Limits from AME Regions; References; 3 WMAP Polarised Filaments; 3.1 Polarised Large Scale Features; 3.1.1 Continuum Loops in Polarisation; 3.2 Polarisation Angle Along Filaments
3.3 Spectral Indices3.3.1 T-T Plots of the Filaments; 3.3.2 T-T Plots on Small Regions; 3.3.3 Tests on Spectral Indices Values; 3.4 Faraday Rotation; 3.4.1 Faraday Rotation at the Galactic Centre; 3.5 Polarisation Fraction; 3.5.1 Full Sky Polarisation Fraction; 3.5.2 Polarisation Fraction in the 20°.0 lel le44°.0 Range; 3.6 Discussion; 3.6.1 HI Morphology; 3.6.2 The Origin of the Large Scale Polarised Loops; 3.6.3 CMB Foreground Contribution; References; 4 QUIET Galactic Observations; 4.1 The Instrument; 4.2 Observations; 4.2.1 Calibration; 4.3 Data Reduction Pipeline and Map Making
4.3.1 Map Making4.4 Test on Gaussianity on a CMB Field; 4.5 QUIET CMB Results; 4.6 Galactic Maps; 4.7 Spectral Index of Polarised Emission; 4.8 Polarisation Angles; References; 5 AME in LDN1780; 5.1 LDN1780 Overview; 5.2 AME Detection at 31GHz with the CBI; 5.2.1 Hα Excess and Free-Free Level; 5.2.2 IR Correlations; 5.2.3 AME Emissivity; 5.3 CARMA Data; 5.3.1 Observations and Calibration; 5.3.2 Imaging; 5.4 Spectral Energy Distribution Over 1° Scale; 5.4.1 Data Used; 5.4.2 Flux Densities Measurement; 5.4.3 SED Fitting; 5.5 Dust Properties at 2 Resolution; 5.5.1 IR Correlations
5.5.2 Spinning Dust ModellingReferences; 6 Conclusions and Future Work; 6.1 Conclusions; 6.1.1 Polarisation De-Bias Method; 6.1.2 WMAP Polarised Filaments; 6.1.3 QUIET Galactic Maps; 6.1.4 AME in LDN1780; 6.2 Future Work; 6.2.1 Polarised Diffuse Emission; 6.2.2 AME; References; Index
2 Analysis Techniques for WMAP Polarisation Data2.1 WMAP 9-Year Data ; 2.1.1 WMAP 9-Year Maps; 2.2 WMAP Sky Simulation; 2.3 Smoothing; 2.3.1 WMAP Noise Simulations; 2.3.2 Optimal Nside; 2.4 Unsharp Mask; 2.5 Polarisation Bias; 2.5.1 Symmetric Uncertainties; 2.5.2 Asymmetric Uncertainties; 2.5.3 Known Angle Estimator; 2.5.4 Tests of the Estimators; 2.5.5 Bias-Corrected Polarisation Maps; 2.6 Polarisation Upper Limits from AME Regions; References; 3 WMAP Polarised Filaments; 3.1 Polarised Large Scale Features; 3.1.1 Continuum Loops in Polarisation; 3.2 Polarisation Angle Along Filaments
3.3 Spectral Indices3.3.1 T-T Plots of the Filaments; 3.3.2 T-T Plots on Small Regions; 3.3.3 Tests on Spectral Indices Values; 3.4 Faraday Rotation; 3.4.1 Faraday Rotation at the Galactic Centre; 3.5 Polarisation Fraction; 3.5.1 Full Sky Polarisation Fraction; 3.5.2 Polarisation Fraction in the 20°.0 lel le44°.0 Range; 3.6 Discussion; 3.6.1 HI Morphology; 3.6.2 The Origin of the Large Scale Polarised Loops; 3.6.3 CMB Foreground Contribution; References; 4 QUIET Galactic Observations; 4.1 The Instrument; 4.2 Observations; 4.2.1 Calibration; 4.3 Data Reduction Pipeline and Map Making
4.3.1 Map Making4.4 Test on Gaussianity on a CMB Field; 4.5 QUIET CMB Results; 4.6 Galactic Maps; 4.7 Spectral Index of Polarised Emission; 4.8 Polarisation Angles; References; 5 AME in LDN1780; 5.1 LDN1780 Overview; 5.2 AME Detection at 31GHz with the CBI; 5.2.1 Hα Excess and Free-Free Level; 5.2.2 IR Correlations; 5.2.3 AME Emissivity; 5.3 CARMA Data; 5.3.1 Observations and Calibration; 5.3.2 Imaging; 5.4 Spectral Energy Distribution Over 1° Scale; 5.4.1 Data Used; 5.4.2 Flux Densities Measurement; 5.4.3 SED Fitting; 5.5 Dust Properties at 2 Resolution; 5.5.1 IR Correlations
5.5.2 Spinning Dust ModellingReferences; 6 Conclusions and Future Work; 6.1 Conclusions; 6.1.1 Polarisation De-Bias Method; 6.1.2 WMAP Polarised Filaments; 6.1.3 QUIET Galactic Maps; 6.1.4 AME in LDN1780; 6.2 Future Work; 6.2.1 Polarised Diffuse Emission; 6.2.2 AME; References; Index