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Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction; 1.1 Solar Fuels: Concept and Importance; 1.2 Advantages of Solar Fuels Derived from CO2; 1.3 Differences Between Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation from Water and CO2 Reduction; 1.4 Current State of the Art in Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction; 1.5 Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction by Water; 1.6 Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction in the Presence of Sacrificial Electron Donors; 1.7 Photoassisted CO2 Reduction by Hydrogen; 1.8 Photocatalyst Types for CO2 Reduction; 1.8.1 Semiconductor-Based Photocatalyst
1.8.2 Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH)-Based Photocatalysts1.8.3 Graphene-Based Photocatalyst; 1.9 Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives; References; Chapter 2: Photocatalytic Water Oxidation; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Thermodynamics of Water-Splitting Process; 2.2.1 General; 2.2.2 Thermodynamics of Overall Water-Splitting Process; 2.3 Mechanism of Overall Water-Splitting Process; 2.3.1 Principle; 2.3.2 Cocatalyst and Sacrificial Agent; 2.3.3 Different Designs in Overall Water-Splitting Process; 2.4 Standard of Measurements; 2.4.1 Solar-to-Hydrogen Efficiency (STH); 2.4.2 Faradaic Efficiency
2.4.3 Applied-Bias-Compensated Solar-to-Hydrogen (AB-STH) Efficiency2.4.4 Hypothetical Half-Cell Solar-to-Hydrogen (HCSTH) Efficiency; 2.4.5 Quantum Yield; 2.5 Role of Photocatalyst; 2.5.1 Principle; 2.5.2 Semiconductor-Liquid Interface; 2.5.3 Z-Scheme Reaction: Innovative Approach; 2.6 Water Oxidation; 2.6.1 General; 2.6.2 Innovative Techniques: Photocatalysts in Water Oxidation; 2.6.2.1 Water Oxidation on TiO2 Surface; 2.6.2.2 Cu2O: A Visible Light Irradiation Photocatalyst; 2.6.2.3 BiVO4; 2.6.2.4 Biologically Templated Nanostructures; 2.7 Photoelectrochemical Cell; 2.7.1 Principle
2.7.2 Working of Semiconductor Photoelectrochemical Cell2.7.3 Fabrication of Semiconductor Photoelectrode; 2.7.4 Metal Oxide-Based Photoelectrochemical Cell; 2.7.5 Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrochemical Cell; 2.7.6 CuWO4-WO3 Composite Electrode in the Presence of [Fe(CN)6]3-; 2.8 Summary; References; Chapter 3: Heteropolyacid-Based Heterogeneous Photocatalysts for Environmental Application; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 HPA-Based Heterogeneous Photocatalysts: HPA Immobilized on Different Supports Which Are Not Activated Under Irradiation; 3.2.1 HPAs Immobilized on SiO2-Based Materials
3.2.2 HPAs on Zeolites3.2.3 HPAs Immobilized on Carbon Nanotubes; 3.3 HPA Immobilized on TiO2; 3.4 HPA on ZnO, ZrO2 and Ta2O5; 3.5 HPA Supported on C3N4, CdS and BiVO4; 3.6 HPA-Based Materials with HPA Associated to Inorganic, Organic or Organometallic Moieties; 3.7 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Alternative Materials to TiO2; 4.1 Overview and Basic Concepts; 4.2 Simple Oxides and Derivatives; 4.2.1 d0 Oxides; 4.2.2 d10 Metal Oxides; 4.2.3 Other Transition Metal Oxides; 4.3 Perovskites; 4.4 Sulphides and Nitrides; 4.4.1 Sulphides; 4.4.2 Nitrides; 4.5 Zeolites and MOFs; 4.5.1 Zeolites
1.8.2 Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH)-Based Photocatalysts1.8.3 Graphene-Based Photocatalyst; 1.9 Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives; References; Chapter 2: Photocatalytic Water Oxidation; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Thermodynamics of Water-Splitting Process; 2.2.1 General; 2.2.2 Thermodynamics of Overall Water-Splitting Process; 2.3 Mechanism of Overall Water-Splitting Process; 2.3.1 Principle; 2.3.2 Cocatalyst and Sacrificial Agent; 2.3.3 Different Designs in Overall Water-Splitting Process; 2.4 Standard of Measurements; 2.4.1 Solar-to-Hydrogen Efficiency (STH); 2.4.2 Faradaic Efficiency
2.4.3 Applied-Bias-Compensated Solar-to-Hydrogen (AB-STH) Efficiency2.4.4 Hypothetical Half-Cell Solar-to-Hydrogen (HCSTH) Efficiency; 2.4.5 Quantum Yield; 2.5 Role of Photocatalyst; 2.5.1 Principle; 2.5.2 Semiconductor-Liquid Interface; 2.5.3 Z-Scheme Reaction: Innovative Approach; 2.6 Water Oxidation; 2.6.1 General; 2.6.2 Innovative Techniques: Photocatalysts in Water Oxidation; 2.6.2.1 Water Oxidation on TiO2 Surface; 2.6.2.2 Cu2O: A Visible Light Irradiation Photocatalyst; 2.6.2.3 BiVO4; 2.6.2.4 Biologically Templated Nanostructures; 2.7 Photoelectrochemical Cell; 2.7.1 Principle
2.7.2 Working of Semiconductor Photoelectrochemical Cell2.7.3 Fabrication of Semiconductor Photoelectrode; 2.7.4 Metal Oxide-Based Photoelectrochemical Cell; 2.7.5 Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrochemical Cell; 2.7.6 CuWO4-WO3 Composite Electrode in the Presence of [Fe(CN)6]3-; 2.8 Summary; References; Chapter 3: Heteropolyacid-Based Heterogeneous Photocatalysts for Environmental Application; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 HPA-Based Heterogeneous Photocatalysts: HPA Immobilized on Different Supports Which Are Not Activated Under Irradiation; 3.2.1 HPAs Immobilized on SiO2-Based Materials
3.2.2 HPAs on Zeolites3.2.3 HPAs Immobilized on Carbon Nanotubes; 3.3 HPA Immobilized on TiO2; 3.4 HPA on ZnO, ZrO2 and Ta2O5; 3.5 HPA Supported on C3N4, CdS and BiVO4; 3.6 HPA-Based Materials with HPA Associated to Inorganic, Organic or Organometallic Moieties; 3.7 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Alternative Materials to TiO2; 4.1 Overview and Basic Concepts; 4.2 Simple Oxides and Derivatives; 4.2.1 d0 Oxides; 4.2.2 d10 Metal Oxides; 4.2.3 Other Transition Metal Oxides; 4.3 Perovskites; 4.4 Sulphides and Nitrides; 4.4.1 Sulphides; 4.4.2 Nitrides; 4.5 Zeolites and MOFs; 4.5.1 Zeolites