Physiological factors and pain processing in the older adult
The psychosocial impact of pain on the older adult patient
Pain assessment in the older adult patient
Pain assessment in the non-verbal, cognitively impaired older adult patient
A review of pain assessment tools for use with the older adult
Developing a comprehensive plan
Choosing the right medication for the pain complaint
Using adjunct medications for specific pain types
Managing medication side effects and specific recommendations for using medications with older patients
Interventional options such as vertebroplasty for compression fractures, nerve blocks, acupuncture
Complementary methods for pain relief such as cognitive behavioral methods, energy techniques, music
The role of physical therapy for reconditioning
Palliative care techniques to promote comfort
When hospice is the best option
Arthritis and gout
Chronic back pain and osteoporosis
Neuropathic pain associated with post-herpetic neuralgia and diabetic neuropathy
Central post stoke syndrome
Facial pain associated with temporal arteritis and trigeminal neuralgia
Rheumatological conditions (RA, polymyalgia rheumatica)
Fibromyalgia
Anxiety and depression in older adults
Alcohol and substance use, misuse, and abuse.