About the Editors; 1: Introduction; 1.1 Air Pollution and Plant Health; 1.2 Conclusion; References; 2: Air Quality: Global and Regional Emissions of Particulate Matter, SOx, and NOx; 2.1 Introduction; 2.1.1 Air Quality and Its Implications; 2.1.2 Air Pollutants; 2.2 Particulate Matter; 2.2.1 Global and Regional Emissions of Particulate Matter; 2.3 Oxides of Sulfur; 2.3.1 Global and Regional Emissions of Oxides of Sulfur; 2.4 Oxides of Nitrogen; 2.4.1 Global and Regional Emissions of Oxides of Nitrogen; 2.5 Conclusions; References

3: Urban Air Pollutants and Their Impact on Biota3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Materials and Methods; 3.3 Results and Discussion; 3.3.1 Results of Monitoring; 3.3.2 The Influence of Air Pollution on Plants; 3.4 Conclusion; References; 4: Mechanisms of Plant Pollutant Uptake as Related to Effective Biomonitoring; 4.1 Introduction; Air Pollution and Biomonitoring; Plants as Bioindicators; 4.2 Comparison of PAH Accumulation in Plants; PAH Accumulation in Pine Needles and Mosses; Characteristics of PAHs; Differences in PAH Accumulation in Pine Needles and Mosses; PAH Proportions

PAH Isomer Ratios4.3 Influence of Plant Uptake Mechanisms on Their PAH Accumulation; What Causes the Differences in the Accumulation of PAHs?; Leaf Structure; Uptake Mechanisms; Influence of Soil Particles; 4.4 Conclusion; References; 5: Role of Global Warming and Plant Signaling in BVOC Emissions; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 BVOC Emissions: Why and How; 5.2.1 Mechanism of BVOC Emission; 5.2.2 Role of Isoprene Synthase; 5.3 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics of BVOCs; 5.3.1 Production of Tropospheric Ozone; 5.3.2 Secondary Aerosol Formation; 5.4 Factors Affecting BVOC Emission

5.4.1 Taxonomic Characteristics5.4.2 Temperature; 5.4.2.1 Thermotolerance; 5.4.3 Soil Moisture; 5.5 BVOC Emission and Global Warming; 5.6 BVOCs and Plant Signaling (Plant-Plant and Plant-Insect Herbivory); 5.7 Conclusion; References; 6: Biochemical Effects of Air Pollutants on Plants; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Effect on Pigment Content; 6.3 Effect on Sugar Content; 6.4 Effect on Proline Content; 6.5 Effect on Enzymatic Activities and Role of Antioxidants; 6.5.1 Enzymatic Activity and Peptide Defense; 6.5.1.1 Catalase and Peroxidase; 6.5.1.2 Dehydroascorbate Reductase (DHAR)

6.5.1.3 Ascorbate Reductase (APX) and Glutathione Reductase (GR)6.5.2 Metabolic Compounds' Defense; 6.5.2.1 Phenolic Compounds; 6.5.2.2 Nitrogen Compounds; Alkaloids; Polyamines; Amino Acids and Amines; 6.5.2.3 Other Compounds; Ascorbic Acid; 6.6 Conclusion; References; 7: Air Pollutants and Photosynthetic Efficiency of Plants; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Leaf Damage; 7.3 Effects of Gaseous Pollutants on the Photosynthetic Apparatus; 7.3.1 Ozone; 7.3.2 Sulphur Dioxide; 7.3.3 Carbon Dioxide; 7.3.4 Nitrogen Oxides; 7.3.5 Pollutant Mixtures