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Table of Contents
Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; Contributors; List of Referees; Chapter 1: Introducing Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba Dana, 1850; 1.1 Morphology and Taxonomy; 1.2 Biological Observations; 1.3 Measurements; 1.4 Sampling; References; Chapter 2: Distribution, Biomass and Demography of Antarctic Krill, Euphausia superba; 2.1 General; 2.2 Circumantarctic Distribution, Global Biomass and Production; 2.2.1 Horizontal Distribution; 2.2.2 Vertical Distribution; 2.2.3 Biomass; 2.2.4 Production; 2.2.5 Krill and Sea-Ice; 2.3 Distribution and Abundance of Larvae
2.3.1 Developmental Ascent and Vertical Distribution2.3.2 Horizontal Distribution and Abundance; 2.3.3 Advection of Larvae; 2.4 The Optimum Zone of Krill Distribution; 2.5 Ocean Basin-Scale Distribution and Biomass; 2.5.1 Antarctic Peninsula and Scotia Sea; 2.5.2 East Antarctica; 2.5.3 Ross Sea; 2.5.4 Other Areas; 2.6 Regional Times Series of Biomass and Stock Dynamics; 2.6.1 Seasonal Variability; 2.6.2 Interannual Variability; 2.6.3 Decadal Changes; 2.7 Adult Source Population and Teleconnection Between Areas; 2.7.1 Mechanisms Generating Seasonal Variation in the Antarctic Peninsula Region
2.7.2 Geographical Connections Across the Scotia Sea2.7.3 Large Scale Teleconnections in the Weddell Gyre and Beyond; 2.8 Outlook; References; Chapter 3: Age, Growth, Mortality, and Recruitment of Antarctic Krill, Euphausia superba; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Longevity; 3.3 Mortality; 3.3.1 Mortality Estimation; 3.4 Ageing; 3.4.1 Length-at-Age; 3.4.2 Seasonality; 3.5 Maturity; 3.5.1 Length and Weight; 3.6 Growth; 3.6.1 Estimating Growth from Length Frequency Distributions; 3.6.2 IMP and IGR; 3.6.3 Other Methods to Estimate Growth Rates Using Length Data; 3.6.4 Bio-Energetic Models of Growth
3.7 Recruitment3.7.1 Defining a Recruitment Index; 3.7.2 Patterns of Recruitment and the Development of a Conceptual Model; 3.8 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Physiology of Euphausia superba; 4.1 General; 4.2 Seasonal Physiological Functions in Adults and Larvae and the Critical Winter Period; 4.2.1 Metabolic Activity; 4.2.2 Feeding; 4.2.3 The Role of Photoperiod in Controlling Physiological Functions in Krill; 4.2.4 Growth and Shrinkage; 4.2.5 Energy Provision; 4.2.6 Energy Demand of Krill in Winter; 4.3 The Impact of Elevated Seawater Temperature and Ocean Acidification on Krill
2.3.1 Developmental Ascent and Vertical Distribution2.3.2 Horizontal Distribution and Abundance; 2.3.3 Advection of Larvae; 2.4 The Optimum Zone of Krill Distribution; 2.5 Ocean Basin-Scale Distribution and Biomass; 2.5.1 Antarctic Peninsula and Scotia Sea; 2.5.2 East Antarctica; 2.5.3 Ross Sea; 2.5.4 Other Areas; 2.6 Regional Times Series of Biomass and Stock Dynamics; 2.6.1 Seasonal Variability; 2.6.2 Interannual Variability; 2.6.3 Decadal Changes; 2.7 Adult Source Population and Teleconnection Between Areas; 2.7.1 Mechanisms Generating Seasonal Variation in the Antarctic Peninsula Region
2.7.2 Geographical Connections Across the Scotia Sea2.7.3 Large Scale Teleconnections in the Weddell Gyre and Beyond; 2.8 Outlook; References; Chapter 3: Age, Growth, Mortality, and Recruitment of Antarctic Krill, Euphausia superba; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Longevity; 3.3 Mortality; 3.3.1 Mortality Estimation; 3.4 Ageing; 3.4.1 Length-at-Age; 3.4.2 Seasonality; 3.5 Maturity; 3.5.1 Length and Weight; 3.6 Growth; 3.6.1 Estimating Growth from Length Frequency Distributions; 3.6.2 IMP and IGR; 3.6.3 Other Methods to Estimate Growth Rates Using Length Data; 3.6.4 Bio-Energetic Models of Growth
3.7 Recruitment3.7.1 Defining a Recruitment Index; 3.7.2 Patterns of Recruitment and the Development of a Conceptual Model; 3.8 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Physiology of Euphausia superba; 4.1 General; 4.2 Seasonal Physiological Functions in Adults and Larvae and the Critical Winter Period; 4.2.1 Metabolic Activity; 4.2.2 Feeding; 4.2.3 The Role of Photoperiod in Controlling Physiological Functions in Krill; 4.2.4 Growth and Shrinkage; 4.2.5 Energy Provision; 4.2.6 Energy Demand of Krill in Winter; 4.3 The Impact of Elevated Seawater Temperature and Ocean Acidification on Krill