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Table of Contents
In Memoriam; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: The Evolution of Frontal Sinus Surgery from Antiquity to the 21st Century; Introduction; Antiquity
1760 CE; Frontal Sinus Surgery 1750: Present; Trephination and Drainage; Ablation With and Without Reconstruction; External Fronto-Ethmoidectomy to Restore Drainage; Intranasal Restoration of Drainage Pathways; Draf Procedures; Summary; References; Chapter 2: Surgical Anatomy and Embryology of the Frontal Sinus; Introduction; Embryology of the Frontal Sinus; Surgical Anatomy of the Frontal Sinuses; The Uncinate Process
The Agger Nasi The Frontal Cells; The Suprabullar Cells; Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Radiologic Anatomy of the Frontal Sinus; Introduction; Embryologic and Functional Concepts; Frontal Sinus Evaluation; Frontal Sinus Drainage Pathway; Anatomic Variants; Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: Microbiology of Chronic Frontal Rhinosinusitis; Introduction; Chronic Viral Frontal Rhinosinusitis; Chronic Bacterial Frontal Rhinosinusitis; Chronic Fungal Frontal Rhinosinusitis; Conclusion; References; Further Reading; Chapter 5: Instruments for Frontal Sinus Surgery; Introduction
CT Scan and IGS Endoscopy and Visualization; Instrumentation by Technique; Blunt Dissection; Sharp Dissection; Advanced Procedures; Adjunct Open Procedures; Complications; Postoperative Care; Conclusion; References; Chapter 6: Acute Frontal Sinusitis; Introduction; Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Frontal Sinusitis; Uncomplicated Acute Frontal Sinusitis; Diagnosis; Bacteriology; Treatment; Additional Therapies; Surgery; Complicated Acute Frontal Sinusitis; Intracranial Complications; Orbital Complications; Frontal Bone Osteomyelitis; References
Chapter 7: Chronic Frontal Rhinosinusitis: Diagnosis and Management Introduction; Classification and Definitions; Epidemiology; Etiology and Pathogenesis; Diagnosis; History; Symptoms; Risk Factors; Medical History; Surgical History; Medications; Social History; Examination; Anterior Rhinoscopy; Nasal Endoscopy; Diagnostic Imaging; Computer Tomography (CT); Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI); Functional Investigations; Olfactory Testing; Nasal Airflow and Resistance; Allergy Testing; Evaluation of Mucociliary Clearance; Other Nasal Tests
Bacteriology (See Chap. 4: Microbiology of Chronic Sinusitis)Biopsy; Blood and Other Tests; Consultations; Differential Diagnoses; Management; Evidence-Based Medical Management of CRSwNP and CRSsNP; Intranasal Corticosteroids; Nasal Saline Irrigation; Systemic Corticosteroids; Antibiotics; Therapies with No or Weak Evidence of Effect in CRSwNP and CRSsNP; Surgical Management of Frontal Rhinosinusitis; Conclusions; References; Chapter 8: Orbital Complications of Frontal Sinusitis; Introduction; Demographics; Relevant Orbital and Sinus Anatomy
1760 CE; Frontal Sinus Surgery 1750: Present; Trephination and Drainage; Ablation With and Without Reconstruction; External Fronto-Ethmoidectomy to Restore Drainage; Intranasal Restoration of Drainage Pathways; Draf Procedures; Summary; References; Chapter 2: Surgical Anatomy and Embryology of the Frontal Sinus; Introduction; Embryology of the Frontal Sinus; Surgical Anatomy of the Frontal Sinuses; The Uncinate Process
The Agger Nasi The Frontal Cells; The Suprabullar Cells; Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Radiologic Anatomy of the Frontal Sinus; Introduction; Embryologic and Functional Concepts; Frontal Sinus Evaluation; Frontal Sinus Drainage Pathway; Anatomic Variants; Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: Microbiology of Chronic Frontal Rhinosinusitis; Introduction; Chronic Viral Frontal Rhinosinusitis; Chronic Bacterial Frontal Rhinosinusitis; Chronic Fungal Frontal Rhinosinusitis; Conclusion; References; Further Reading; Chapter 5: Instruments for Frontal Sinus Surgery; Introduction
CT Scan and IGS Endoscopy and Visualization; Instrumentation by Technique; Blunt Dissection; Sharp Dissection; Advanced Procedures; Adjunct Open Procedures; Complications; Postoperative Care; Conclusion; References; Chapter 6: Acute Frontal Sinusitis; Introduction; Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Frontal Sinusitis; Uncomplicated Acute Frontal Sinusitis; Diagnosis; Bacteriology; Treatment; Additional Therapies; Surgery; Complicated Acute Frontal Sinusitis; Intracranial Complications; Orbital Complications; Frontal Bone Osteomyelitis; References
Chapter 7: Chronic Frontal Rhinosinusitis: Diagnosis and Management Introduction; Classification and Definitions; Epidemiology; Etiology and Pathogenesis; Diagnosis; History; Symptoms; Risk Factors; Medical History; Surgical History; Medications; Social History; Examination; Anterior Rhinoscopy; Nasal Endoscopy; Diagnostic Imaging; Computer Tomography (CT); Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI); Functional Investigations; Olfactory Testing; Nasal Airflow and Resistance; Allergy Testing; Evaluation of Mucociliary Clearance; Other Nasal Tests
Bacteriology (See Chap. 4: Microbiology of Chronic Sinusitis)Biopsy; Blood and Other Tests; Consultations; Differential Diagnoses; Management; Evidence-Based Medical Management of CRSwNP and CRSsNP; Intranasal Corticosteroids; Nasal Saline Irrigation; Systemic Corticosteroids; Antibiotics; Therapies with No or Weak Evidence of Effect in CRSwNP and CRSsNP; Surgical Management of Frontal Rhinosinusitis; Conclusions; References; Chapter 8: Orbital Complications of Frontal Sinusitis; Introduction; Demographics; Relevant Orbital and Sinus Anatomy