Acknowledgements; List of Abbreviations; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 Background; 1.1.1 Copyright Goals and Rationales; 1.1.2 Systems of Copyright Protection; 1.1.3 EU Competence in Copyright; 1.1.4 Development of the Copyright Acquis; 1.2 Problem Definition; 1.3 Outline and Methodology; References; Chapter 2: A Normative Gap in Copyright Lawmaking?; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Specific Methodology; 2.3 Treaty-Related Objectives; 2.3.1 Establishment and Functioning of the Internal Market; 2.3.2 Fostering Culture; 2.4 Protection of a Specific Interest; 2.4.1 Authors and Performers

2.4.2 Content Industries2.4.3 Intermediaries; 2.4.4 End Users; 2.5 Compliance with the International Framework; 2.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: Colonizing the Normative Gap: The Intervention of the Court of Justice; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Specific Methodology; 3.3 Conflict Between EU Principles and Copyright; 3.4 Judicial Solutions; 3.4.1 Existence Versus Exercise Doctrine; 3.4.2 Specific Subject Matter Doctrine; 3.4.3 Principle of Exhaustion of Rights; 3.4.4 Principle of Non-discrimination on Grounds of Nationality; 3.5 Conclusion; References

Chapter 4: Minding the Normative Gap: The EU Treaties4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Specific Methodology; 4.3 Historical Background; 4.4 Objectives of the EU; 4.4.1 Establishment of an Internal Market; 4.4.2 Promotion of the EUś Values; 4.4.2.1 The Respect for Fundamental Rights; 4.4.2.2 The Rule of Law; 4.4.3 Respect Cultural Diversity; 4.5 Principles Underlying the Competence System; 4.5.1 Conferral; 4.5.2 Subsidiarity; 4.5.3 Proportionality; 4.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 5: Bridging the Normative Gap: Proposed Benchmarks for Copyright Lawmaking; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Specific Methodology

5.3 Harmonization of National Laws5.4 Respect for National Cultures and Traditions; 5.5 Protection of Creators; 5.6 Protection of End Users; 5.7 Promotion of Competitiveness of EU Industries; 5.8 Conclusion; References; Chapter 6: Field-Testing the Normative Bridge: The EU Copyright Acquis; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Specific Methodology; 6.3 Harmonization of National Laws; 6.3.1 The Need for Harmonization; 6.3.1.1 Divergent National Laws (Actual or Potential); 6.3.1.2 Implementation of International Treaties; 6.3.2 The Harmonizing Effect of Directives; 6.3.2.1 Harmonization Technique

6.3.2.2 Independence from Non-Harmonized Terrain6.3.2.3 Derogation from Harmonized Rules; 6.3.2.4 Wording; 6.4 Respect for National Cultures and Traditions; 6.4.1 Compromise Between the Systems of Copyright and droit dáuteur; 6.4.2 Accommodation of National Legal and Cultural Specificities; 6.5 Protection of Creators; 6.5.1 Guarantee of Income and Recognition to Creators; 6.5.1.1 Grant of Rights to Creators; 6.5.1.2 Strength of Rights; 6.5.2 Facilitation of Further Creative Uses; 6.5.2.1 Unencumbered Use of Existing Works for Creative Purposes; 6.6 Protection of End Users