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Table of Contents
Acknowledgments; Preface; References; Contents; Editors and Contributors; Part I Learner-Related Variables in Second Language Acquisition; 1 Foreign Language Learning from the Perspective of Individual Well-Being; Abstract; 1 Introduction: Positive Psychology and Post-modern Reality; 2 The Concept of Key Competencies; 3 Key Competencies and Foreign Language Learning; 4 The Study: Students' Opinions on the Role of a Foreign Language in Developing Selected Life Skills; 4.1 The Aims of the Study; 4.2 Participants and Procedures; 4.3 Results; 5 Discussion of Results.
6 Conclusions and Suggestions for Further StudiesAppendix; Language as a Life Skill-A Survey; References; 2 'Biasing for the Best': Looking at New Elements in a Model of Language Learner Well-Being; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 The Complexity of Language Learner Well-Being; 3 The Added Elements: Identity, Investment, and Imagination; 3.1 Identity; 3.1.1 General Comments About Identity; 3.1.2 Critical Poststructuralist Views of Identity; 3.1.3 Identity and Self-esteem; 3.2 Investment; 3.2.1 Power Relations, Beliefs, and Investment; 3.2.2 Autonomy and Investment: A Potential Paradox.
3.3 Imagination3.3.1 Imagination and Possible Selves; 3.3.2 Creative Imagination of Learners and Teachers; 3.3.3 Imagined Communities; 4 Conclusions; References; 3 Spacetimes of Multilingualism; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Spacetime; 2.1 Philosophical and Sociological Considerations: What Is Spacetime?; 2.2 Complexity; 3 Spacetime in Multilingualism; 4 What Is the Concept of Spacetime Good for?; 5 Conclusion; References; 4 Polish Adolescents' Perceptions of English and Their Desire to Learn It; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Perception of a Language; 3 Desire to Learn a Language; 4 Method.
4.1 Participants4.2 Instruments; 4.3 Procedure and Analyses; 5 Results; 6 Discussion; 7 Conclusion; References; 5 Investigating Language Learning Motivation from an Ideal Language-Self Perspective: The Case of English Majors in Poland; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Literature Review; 3 The Study; 3.1 Aims and Research Questions; 3.2 Participants; 3.3 Data Collection and Analysis; 3.4 Findings; 4 Discussion; 5 Conclusion; References; 6 Reading for Remembering: On the Long-Term Impact of Starting Age on Retention and Recall of Target Language Input; Abstract; 1 Introduction and Goals.
2 Background to the Study2.1 The Optimal Age Debate; 2.2 Impact of Starting Age on Retention and Recall of Target Language Input; 3 This Study; 3.1 Subjects; 3.2 Task and Procedure; 3.3 Method; 4 Results; 5 Discussion; 6 Conclusion; References; 7 Studying English in Senior Years: A Psycholinguistic Perspective; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Polish Senior Students' Needs; 3 Senior Students' Strengths and Weaknesses in Foreign Language Learning; 4 Teaching GFL to International Senior Students; 5 Teaching Polish Senior Students: An Action Research Study.
6 Conclusions and Suggestions for Further StudiesAppendix; Language as a Life Skill-A Survey; References; 2 'Biasing for the Best': Looking at New Elements in a Model of Language Learner Well-Being; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 The Complexity of Language Learner Well-Being; 3 The Added Elements: Identity, Investment, and Imagination; 3.1 Identity; 3.1.1 General Comments About Identity; 3.1.2 Critical Poststructuralist Views of Identity; 3.1.3 Identity and Self-esteem; 3.2 Investment; 3.2.1 Power Relations, Beliefs, and Investment; 3.2.2 Autonomy and Investment: A Potential Paradox.
3.3 Imagination3.3.1 Imagination and Possible Selves; 3.3.2 Creative Imagination of Learners and Teachers; 3.3.3 Imagined Communities; 4 Conclusions; References; 3 Spacetimes of Multilingualism; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Spacetime; 2.1 Philosophical and Sociological Considerations: What Is Spacetime?; 2.2 Complexity; 3 Spacetime in Multilingualism; 4 What Is the Concept of Spacetime Good for?; 5 Conclusion; References; 4 Polish Adolescents' Perceptions of English and Their Desire to Learn It; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Perception of a Language; 3 Desire to Learn a Language; 4 Method.
4.1 Participants4.2 Instruments; 4.3 Procedure and Analyses; 5 Results; 6 Discussion; 7 Conclusion; References; 5 Investigating Language Learning Motivation from an Ideal Language-Self Perspective: The Case of English Majors in Poland; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Literature Review; 3 The Study; 3.1 Aims and Research Questions; 3.2 Participants; 3.3 Data Collection and Analysis; 3.4 Findings; 4 Discussion; 5 Conclusion; References; 6 Reading for Remembering: On the Long-Term Impact of Starting Age on Retention and Recall of Target Language Input; Abstract; 1 Introduction and Goals.
2 Background to the Study2.1 The Optimal Age Debate; 2.2 Impact of Starting Age on Retention and Recall of Target Language Input; 3 This Study; 3.1 Subjects; 3.2 Task and Procedure; 3.3 Method; 4 Results; 5 Discussion; 6 Conclusion; References; 7 Studying English in Senior Years: A Psycholinguistic Perspective; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Polish Senior Students' Needs; 3 Senior Students' Strengths and Weaknesses in Foreign Language Learning; 4 Teaching GFL to International Senior Students; 5 Teaching Polish Senior Students: An Action Research Study.