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Foreword; Contents; Chapter 1: Principlism inßBioethics; 1.1 The History andßOrigins ofßPrinciples inßBioethics; 1.1.1 The Hippocratic Tradition's Lack ofßPrinciples; 1.1.2 The Virtues inßPercival's Medical Ethics; 1.1.3 The Principles inßtheßNuremberg Code (1947); 1.1.4 The Principles inßtheßDeclaration ofßHelsinki (1964); 1.1.5 Frameworks ofßBasic Principles inßtheß1970s; 1.2 The Four-Principles Framework; 1.2.1 Principles asßNonabsolute; 1.2.2 The Basic Principles inßtheßPrinciplist Framework; 1.2.2.1 Respect forßAutonomy; 1.2.2.2 Nonmaleficence; 1.2.2.3 Beneficence; 1.2.2.4 Justice.
1.3 The Centrality ofßCommon Morality inßPrinciplist Theory1.4 Specifying Principles toßRender Them Practical; 1.4.1 The Method ofßSpecification; 1.4.2 Justifying Specifications Using aßMethod ofßCoherence; 1.5 Particular Moralities andßSpecification; 1.6 The Idea ofßEastern andßWestern Moralities; 1.7 The Global Acceptance ofßUniversal Principles inßResearch Ethics; 1.8 Conclusion; References; Chapter 2: Values andßBioethics; 2.1 A Biological Need; 2.2 The Project Structure; 2.3 Facts andßValues; 2.4 The World ofßValues; 2.5 Valuing andßValues; 2.6 Value Conflicts; 2.7 Values andßDuties.
2.8 Deliberation asßProcedure2.9 How, Then, toßProceed?; References; Chapter 3: A Human Rights Approach toßBioethics; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Human Rights Instruments Relating toßBioethics; 3.2.1 Core Instruments ofßInternational Human Rights Law; 3.2.2 The Universal Declaration onßBioethics andßHuman Rights; 3.2.3 The European Convention onßHuman Rights andßBiomedicine; 3.3 Reasons forßtheßRecourse toßHuman Rights inßInternational Bioethics; 3.4 Shortcomings ofßHuman Rights forßDealing withßSome Biotechnological Developments; 3.5 Conclusion; References.
Chapter 4: Philosophical Imperialism? AßCritical View ofßNorth American Principlist Bioethics4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Common Morality asßUniversal Ethics; 4.3 The Authority ofßParticular Moralities; 4.4 Two Understanding ofßPrinciplism; 4.5 Specification andßBalancing Guided by Coherence; 4.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 5: Principlism andßNormative Systems; 5.1 Approach; 5.2 Description; 5.2.1 Elements ofßtheßSystem: AnßAxiomatic Basis; 5.2.2 Deploying theßSystem: Specification; 5.2.3 (Narrow) Reflective Equilibrium; 5.3 Normative Systems. Some Problems inßtheßPrinciplist Model.
5.3.1 System Normativity5.3.2 Setting theßAxiomatic Basis; 5.3.3 Drawing Consequences; 5.4 Towards aßWide Reflective Equilibrium; 5.5 Conclusions; References; Chapter 6: Types ofßAction andßCriteria forßIndividualizing Them: TheßCase ofßOmission ofßLife-Saving Care; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 The Intelligibility ofßTypes ofßAction: Convention or Representation?; 6.3 Teleology andßTypes ofßAction; 6.3.1 Physical Classification, Moral Classification andßOverlapping Classifications; 6.3.2 Killing byßOmission asßtheßPhysical Description ofßtheßAction andßObject ofßMoral Choice.
1.3 The Centrality ofßCommon Morality inßPrinciplist Theory1.4 Specifying Principles toßRender Them Practical; 1.4.1 The Method ofßSpecification; 1.4.2 Justifying Specifications Using aßMethod ofßCoherence; 1.5 Particular Moralities andßSpecification; 1.6 The Idea ofßEastern andßWestern Moralities; 1.7 The Global Acceptance ofßUniversal Principles inßResearch Ethics; 1.8 Conclusion; References; Chapter 2: Values andßBioethics; 2.1 A Biological Need; 2.2 The Project Structure; 2.3 Facts andßValues; 2.4 The World ofßValues; 2.5 Valuing andßValues; 2.6 Value Conflicts; 2.7 Values andßDuties.
2.8 Deliberation asßProcedure2.9 How, Then, toßProceed?; References; Chapter 3: A Human Rights Approach toßBioethics; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Human Rights Instruments Relating toßBioethics; 3.2.1 Core Instruments ofßInternational Human Rights Law; 3.2.2 The Universal Declaration onßBioethics andßHuman Rights; 3.2.3 The European Convention onßHuman Rights andßBiomedicine; 3.3 Reasons forßtheßRecourse toßHuman Rights inßInternational Bioethics; 3.4 Shortcomings ofßHuman Rights forßDealing withßSome Biotechnological Developments; 3.5 Conclusion; References.
Chapter 4: Philosophical Imperialism? AßCritical View ofßNorth American Principlist Bioethics4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Common Morality asßUniversal Ethics; 4.3 The Authority ofßParticular Moralities; 4.4 Two Understanding ofßPrinciplism; 4.5 Specification andßBalancing Guided by Coherence; 4.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 5: Principlism andßNormative Systems; 5.1 Approach; 5.2 Description; 5.2.1 Elements ofßtheßSystem: AnßAxiomatic Basis; 5.2.2 Deploying theßSystem: Specification; 5.2.3 (Narrow) Reflective Equilibrium; 5.3 Normative Systems. Some Problems inßtheßPrinciplist Model.
5.3.1 System Normativity5.3.2 Setting theßAxiomatic Basis; 5.3.3 Drawing Consequences; 5.4 Towards aßWide Reflective Equilibrium; 5.5 Conclusions; References; Chapter 6: Types ofßAction andßCriteria forßIndividualizing Them: TheßCase ofßOmission ofßLife-Saving Care; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 The Intelligibility ofßTypes ofßAction: Convention or Representation?; 6.3 Teleology andßTypes ofßAction; 6.3.1 Physical Classification, Moral Classification andßOverlapping Classifications; 6.3.2 Killing byßOmission asßtheßPhysical Description ofßtheßAction andßObject ofßMoral Choice.