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Preface and Acknowledgements; Contents; List of Tables; Part I: The Nature of Central Banking; 1: Some General Remarks onß"Central Banking"; 1.1 The Emerging Public Interest inß"Central Banking"; 1.2 Some Preconditions forßHaving "Central Banks"; 2: Defining "Central Banks": Four Criteria; 2.1 From Chartered Banks toßCentral Banks; 2.2 The Four Criteria Defining Central Banks; 2.2.1 Criterion I: Being theßSole Note-Issuing Bank inßtheßCountry; 2.2.2 Criterion II: Being theßGuardian ofßtheßValue ofßtheßCountry's Currency; 2.2.3 Criterion III: Being theßBank forßtheßGovernment.
2.2.4 Criterion IV: Being theßBank forßtheßCountry's Other Banks2.3 What Is Not Mentioned?; Part II: Before the Deluge. The Very Different Origins of Scandinavia's Central Banks, the Great War, and the Four Criteria; 3: Sveriges Riksbank, andßtheßFour Criteria; 3.1 The Origins. Stockholms Banco (1656) andßtheßInvention ofßBanknotes; 3.1.1 The Political Scenario; 3.1.2 Stockholms Banco, War Finance andßtheßInvention ofßBanknotes (1656-1664); 3.2 Sveriges Riksbank (1668-1866-1914); 3.2.1 The Formation, Organization, andßOperation ofßtheßBank.
3.2.2 Sveriges Riksbank asßanßIssuer ofßBanknotes (CriterionßI)3.2.3 Sveriges Riksbank asßGuardian ofßtheßCurrency (Criterion II); 3.2.4 Being theßBanker forßtheßGovernment (Criterion III); 3.2.5 Sveriges Riksbank asßBank forßtheßCountry's Other Banks (Criterion IV); 4: Danmarks Nationalbank andßtheßFour Criteria; 4.1 The Origins. TheßCopenhagen Bank (1736-1813); 4.1.1 The Political Scenario; 4.1.2 The Copenhagen Bank (or theßKurantbank); 4.1.3 An Interlude. TheßRigsbank, (1813-1815); 4.2 Nationalbanken ißKiøbenhavn (1818-1936); 4.2.1 The Scenario.
4.2.2 Nationalbanken asßanßIssuer ofßBanknotes (Criterion I)4.2.3 Nationalbanken asßGuardian ofßtheßCurrency (CriterionßII); 4.2.4 The Nationalbank asßBank forßtheßGovernment (Criterion III); 4.2.5 The Nationalbank asßBank forßtheßCountry's Other Banks (Criterion IV); 5: Norges Bank andßtheßFour Criteria; 5.1 The Political Scenario; 5.2 The Origins. TheßFormation ofßNorges Bank inß1816; 5.3 Norges Bank andßtheßFour Criteria; 5.3.1 Norges Bank asßaßNote-Issuing Bank (Criterion I); 5.3.2 Norges Bank asßGuardian ofßtheßCurrency (Criterion II).
5.3.3 Norges Bank asßBanker forßtheßGovernment (CriterionßIII)5.3.4 Norges Bank asßBank forßtheßCountry's Other Banks (Criterion IV); 6: The Scandinavian Currency Union (1873-1914); 6.1 The Formation andßWorkings ofßtheßScandinavian Currency Union; 6.2 Some Comparisons withßtheßLatin Currency Union; 6.3 Some Comparisons withßtheßPost-World War II Systems; 6.3.1 Some Comparisons withßtheßBretton Woods System; 6.3.2 Some Comparisons withßtheßEuropean Currency Union; 7: How theßGreat War Formed Scandinavian Central Banking.
2.2.4 Criterion IV: Being theßBank forßtheßCountry's Other Banks2.3 What Is Not Mentioned?; Part II: Before the Deluge. The Very Different Origins of Scandinavia's Central Banks, the Great War, and the Four Criteria; 3: Sveriges Riksbank, andßtheßFour Criteria; 3.1 The Origins. Stockholms Banco (1656) andßtheßInvention ofßBanknotes; 3.1.1 The Political Scenario; 3.1.2 Stockholms Banco, War Finance andßtheßInvention ofßBanknotes (1656-1664); 3.2 Sveriges Riksbank (1668-1866-1914); 3.2.1 The Formation, Organization, andßOperation ofßtheßBank.
3.2.2 Sveriges Riksbank asßanßIssuer ofßBanknotes (CriterionßI)3.2.3 Sveriges Riksbank asßGuardian ofßtheßCurrency (Criterion II); 3.2.4 Being theßBanker forßtheßGovernment (Criterion III); 3.2.5 Sveriges Riksbank asßBank forßtheßCountry's Other Banks (Criterion IV); 4: Danmarks Nationalbank andßtheßFour Criteria; 4.1 The Origins. TheßCopenhagen Bank (1736-1813); 4.1.1 The Political Scenario; 4.1.2 The Copenhagen Bank (or theßKurantbank); 4.1.3 An Interlude. TheßRigsbank, (1813-1815); 4.2 Nationalbanken ißKiøbenhavn (1818-1936); 4.2.1 The Scenario.
4.2.2 Nationalbanken asßanßIssuer ofßBanknotes (Criterion I)4.2.3 Nationalbanken asßGuardian ofßtheßCurrency (CriterionßII); 4.2.4 The Nationalbank asßBank forßtheßGovernment (Criterion III); 4.2.5 The Nationalbank asßBank forßtheßCountry's Other Banks (Criterion IV); 5: Norges Bank andßtheßFour Criteria; 5.1 The Political Scenario; 5.2 The Origins. TheßFormation ofßNorges Bank inß1816; 5.3 Norges Bank andßtheßFour Criteria; 5.3.1 Norges Bank asßaßNote-Issuing Bank (Criterion I); 5.3.2 Norges Bank asßGuardian ofßtheßCurrency (Criterion II).
5.3.3 Norges Bank asßBanker forßtheßGovernment (CriterionßIII)5.3.4 Norges Bank asßBank forßtheßCountry's Other Banks (Criterion IV); 6: The Scandinavian Currency Union (1873-1914); 6.1 The Formation andßWorkings ofßtheßScandinavian Currency Union; 6.2 Some Comparisons withßtheßLatin Currency Union; 6.3 Some Comparisons withßtheßPost-World War II Systems; 6.3.1 Some Comparisons withßtheßBretton Woods System; 6.3.2 Some Comparisons withßtheßEuropean Currency Union; 7: How theßGreat War Formed Scandinavian Central Banking.