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Dedication; Foreword; Preface; Contents; Contributors; About the Editors ; Chapter 1: Introduction toßNanotechnology withßSpecial Reference toßOphthalmic Delivery; 1.1 Introduction toßNanotechnology; 1.2 Classification ofßNanomaterials; 1.3 Nanotoxicity; 1.4 Applications inßOphthalmic Drug Delivery; 1.5 Future Considerations; References; Chapter 2: Overview ofßtheßOphthalmic System; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Cornea; 2.2.1 Corneal Epithelium; 2.2.2 Bowman's Membrane; 2.2.3 Corneal Stroma; 2.2.4 Descemet's Membrane; 2.2.5 Corneal Endothelium; 2.3 Conjunctiva; 2.3.1 Palpebral Conjunctiva.
2.3.1.1 Marginal Conjunctiva2.3.1.2 Tarsal Conjunctiva; 2.3.1.3 Orbital Conjunctiva; 2.3.2 Bulbar Conjunctiva; 2.3.3 Forniceal Conjunctiva; 2.4 Tenon's Capsule; 2.5 Lacrimal Gland andßTears; 2.5.1 The Lacrimal Gland Is aßSerous Gland; 2.5.2 Tears; 2.6 Eyelids; 2.7 Lacrimal Drainage System; 2.8 Sclera; 2.9 Uveal Tract; 2.9.1 Iris; 2.9.2 Ciliary Body; 2.9.3 Choroid; 2.9.3.1 Haller's Layer; 2.9.3.2 Sattler's Layer; 2.9.3.3 Choriocapillaris; 2.9.3.4 Bruch's Membrane; 2.9.3.4.1 Basement Membrane ofßChoriocapillaris; 2.9.3.4.2 Outer Collagen Layer; 2.9.3.4.3 Elastic Layer.
2.9.3.4.4 Inner Collagen Layer2.9.3.4.5 Basement Membrane ofßtheßRetinal Pigment Epithelium; 2.10 Angle ofßAnterior Chamber; 2.10.1 Schwalbe's Line; 2.10.2 Trabecular Meshwork; 2.10.3 Scleral Spur; 2.10.4 Ciliary Body Band; 2.11 Aqueous Humor Formation, Circulation, andßDrainage; 2.11.1 Formation ofßAqueous; 2.11.1.1 Uptake ofßFluid fromßStroma; 2.11.1.2 Fluid Transfer Through Gap Junctions; 2.11.1.3 Fluid Transfer into theßAqueous Humor; 2.11.2 Circadian Rhythm ofßAqueous Flow; 2.11.3 Circulation ofßAqueous Humor; 2.11.4 Drainage ofßAqueous Humor; 2.11.4.1 Conventional Pathway.
2.11.4.2 Uveoscleral Pathway2.12 The Lens; 2.13 Vitreous Humor; 2.14 Retinal Pigment Epithelium; 2.15 Retina; 2.16 Optic Nerve; 2.17 Orbit; 2.18 Routes ofßDrug Delivery toßtheßEye; 2.19 Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: Pharmacological Considerations inßOphthalmic Drug Delivery; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Extraocular Structures; 3.3 Aqueous Layer; 3.4 Precorneal Tear Film; 3.5 Tear Film; 3.6 Cornea; 3.7 Uveal Tract; 3.7.1 Iris; 3.7.2 Stroma; 3.7.3 Dilator Muscle; 3.7.4 Sphincter Muscle; 3.7.5 Ciliary Body; 3.7.6 Ciliary Epithelium andßStroma; 3.7.7 Choroid; 3.7.8 Bruch's Membrane.
3.7.9 Choriocapillaris3.8 Lens; 3.8.1 Lens Capsule; 3.8.2 Lens Epithelium; 3.8.3 Lens Fibers; 3.9 Aqueous Layer; 3.10 Sclera; 3.11 Limbus; 3.12 Anterior Chamber; 3.13 Trabecular Meshwork; 3.14 Uveal Trabecular Meshwork; 3.15 Corneoscleral Meshwork; 3.16 Schlemm Canal; 3.17 Collector Channels; 3.18 Retina; 3.18.1 Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE); 3.18.2 Retinal Photoreceptor Layer; 3.18.3 Components ofßRetina; 3.19 Macula; 3.20 Ora Serrata; 3.21 Vitreous; 3.22 Optic Nerve; 3.22.1 Intraocular Region; 3.22.2 Superficial Nerve Fibers; 3.22.3 Prelaminar Area; 3.22.4 Laminar Area.
2.3.1.1 Marginal Conjunctiva2.3.1.2 Tarsal Conjunctiva; 2.3.1.3 Orbital Conjunctiva; 2.3.2 Bulbar Conjunctiva; 2.3.3 Forniceal Conjunctiva; 2.4 Tenon's Capsule; 2.5 Lacrimal Gland andßTears; 2.5.1 The Lacrimal Gland Is aßSerous Gland; 2.5.2 Tears; 2.6 Eyelids; 2.7 Lacrimal Drainage System; 2.8 Sclera; 2.9 Uveal Tract; 2.9.1 Iris; 2.9.2 Ciliary Body; 2.9.3 Choroid; 2.9.3.1 Haller's Layer; 2.9.3.2 Sattler's Layer; 2.9.3.3 Choriocapillaris; 2.9.3.4 Bruch's Membrane; 2.9.3.4.1 Basement Membrane ofßChoriocapillaris; 2.9.3.4.2 Outer Collagen Layer; 2.9.3.4.3 Elastic Layer.
2.9.3.4.4 Inner Collagen Layer2.9.3.4.5 Basement Membrane ofßtheßRetinal Pigment Epithelium; 2.10 Angle ofßAnterior Chamber; 2.10.1 Schwalbe's Line; 2.10.2 Trabecular Meshwork; 2.10.3 Scleral Spur; 2.10.4 Ciliary Body Band; 2.11 Aqueous Humor Formation, Circulation, andßDrainage; 2.11.1 Formation ofßAqueous; 2.11.1.1 Uptake ofßFluid fromßStroma; 2.11.1.2 Fluid Transfer Through Gap Junctions; 2.11.1.3 Fluid Transfer into theßAqueous Humor; 2.11.2 Circadian Rhythm ofßAqueous Flow; 2.11.3 Circulation ofßAqueous Humor; 2.11.4 Drainage ofßAqueous Humor; 2.11.4.1 Conventional Pathway.
2.11.4.2 Uveoscleral Pathway2.12 The Lens; 2.13 Vitreous Humor; 2.14 Retinal Pigment Epithelium; 2.15 Retina; 2.16 Optic Nerve; 2.17 Orbit; 2.18 Routes ofßDrug Delivery toßtheßEye; 2.19 Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: Pharmacological Considerations inßOphthalmic Drug Delivery; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Extraocular Structures; 3.3 Aqueous Layer; 3.4 Precorneal Tear Film; 3.5 Tear Film; 3.6 Cornea; 3.7 Uveal Tract; 3.7.1 Iris; 3.7.2 Stroma; 3.7.3 Dilator Muscle; 3.7.4 Sphincter Muscle; 3.7.5 Ciliary Body; 3.7.6 Ciliary Epithelium andßStroma; 3.7.7 Choroid; 3.7.8 Bruch's Membrane.
3.7.9 Choriocapillaris3.8 Lens; 3.8.1 Lens Capsule; 3.8.2 Lens Epithelium; 3.8.3 Lens Fibers; 3.9 Aqueous Layer; 3.10 Sclera; 3.11 Limbus; 3.12 Anterior Chamber; 3.13 Trabecular Meshwork; 3.14 Uveal Trabecular Meshwork; 3.15 Corneoscleral Meshwork; 3.16 Schlemm Canal; 3.17 Collector Channels; 3.18 Retina; 3.18.1 Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE); 3.18.2 Retinal Photoreceptor Layer; 3.18.3 Components ofßRetina; 3.19 Macula; 3.20 Ora Serrata; 3.21 Vitreous; 3.22 Optic Nerve; 3.22.1 Intraocular Region; 3.22.2 Superficial Nerve Fibers; 3.22.3 Prelaminar Area; 3.22.4 Laminar Area.