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Preface; Contents; Contributors; Part I: A Scientific Overview on Cancer; Chapter 1: Advancements inßLife Sciences andßCharacteristic Features ofßCancer Cells; 1.1 Characteristics ofßCancer Cells; 1.2 Characteristic Interactions ofßCancer Cells withßNeighboring Cells andßtheßTumor Microenvironment; 1.2.1 Stromal Cells; 1.2.2 Angiogenesis; 1.2.3 Metastasis ofßMalignant Cancer; 1.2.4 Avoidance ofßImmune Surveillance; 1.2.5 Tumor-Promoting Inflammatory Responses; References; Chapter 2: Advancement ofßtheßScience andßHistory ofßCancer andßAnticancer Drugs; References.
Part II: Cancer Drug Discovery: Types and HistoryChapter 3: Chronology ofßAnticancer Drug Development; 3.1 A Historical Background ofßCancer Chemotherapy; 3.2 Development ofßtheßAnticancer Drug Screening Systems; 3.2.1 Transplantable Tumor Models inßAnimals; 3.2.2 Chemical Tumor Induction andßAnticancer Drug Screening Using Inbred Mice; 3.2.3 Solid Tumor Animal Models andßXenograft Screening Methods; 3.2.4 Anticancer Drug Screening Methods Based onßHuman Cancer Cell Lines; 3.2.5 Mechanism-Based Anticancer Agent Screening Method; 3.3 Chronology ofßtheßAnticancer Drug Development.
3.4 Clinical Application ofßAnticancer DrugsReferences; Chapter 4: Alkylating Anticancer Drugs; 4.1 Classical Alkylating Drugs; 4.1.1 Bis Amine/Nitrogen Mustards; 4.1.1.1 Mechlorethamine (Mustine); 4.1.1.2 Chlorambucil; 4.1.1.3 Melphalan; 4.1.1.4 Cyclophosphamide; 4.1.1.5 Ifosfamide; 4.1.1.6 Estramustine; 4.1.1.7 Bendamustine; 4.1.2 Alkyl Sulfonate: Busulfan; 4.1.3 Aziridines (Ethylenimines); 4.1.3.1 ThioTEPA; 4.1.3.2 Mitomycin C; 4.1.4 Nitrosoureas; 4.1.4.1 BCNU (Carmustine); 4.1.4.2 CCNU (Lomustine); 4.1.4.3 Streptozotocin (STZ); 4.2 Nonclassical Alkylating Drugs.
4.2.1 Hydrazine: Procarbazine4.2.2 Triazenes; 4.2.2.1 Dacarbazine; 4.2.2.2 Temozolomide; 4.2.3 Altretamines; 4.3 Alkylating-Like Agents: Platinum Compounds; 4.3.1 Cisplatin; 4.3.2 Carboplatin; 4.3.3 Oxaliplatin; References; Chapter 5: Antimetabolic Anticancer Drugs; 5.1 Folic Acid Derivatives; 5.1.1 Methotrexate; 5.1.2 Pemetrexed; 5.1.3 Pralatrexate; 5.2 Purine Analogs; 5.2.1 6-Mercaptopurine andß6-Thioguanine; 5.2.2 Fludarabine; 5.2.3 Pentostatin (22 deoxycoformycin); 5.2.4 Cladribine; 5.2.5 Clofarabine; 5.2.6 Nelarabine; 5.3 Pyrimidine Analogs; 5.3.1 Fluoropyrimidines.
5.3.1.1 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) andß5-Fluorodeoxyuridine Monophosphate (FdUMP)5.3.1.2 Capecitabine; 5.3.2 Deoxycytidine; 5.3.2.1 Cytarabine (Cytosine Arabinoside, ara-C); 5.3.2.2 Gemcitabine (22 22 difluoro-22 deoxycytidine, dFdC); References; Chapter 6: Natural Product Anticancer Drugs; 6.1 Plant-Derived Anticancer Drugs; 6.1.1 Vinca Alkaloids; 6.1.1.1 Vinblastine andßVincristine; 6.1.1.2 Vinorelbine; 6.1.2 Macrolide: Eribulin; 6.1.3 Taxane; 6.1.3.1 Paclitaxel (Taxol); 6.1.3.2 Docetaxel; 6.1.3.3 Cabazitaxel; 6.1.4 Ixabepilone; 6.1.5 Podophyllotoxins: Topoisomerase II Inhibitors.
Part II: Cancer Drug Discovery: Types and HistoryChapter 3: Chronology ofßAnticancer Drug Development; 3.1 A Historical Background ofßCancer Chemotherapy; 3.2 Development ofßtheßAnticancer Drug Screening Systems; 3.2.1 Transplantable Tumor Models inßAnimals; 3.2.2 Chemical Tumor Induction andßAnticancer Drug Screening Using Inbred Mice; 3.2.3 Solid Tumor Animal Models andßXenograft Screening Methods; 3.2.4 Anticancer Drug Screening Methods Based onßHuman Cancer Cell Lines; 3.2.5 Mechanism-Based Anticancer Agent Screening Method; 3.3 Chronology ofßtheßAnticancer Drug Development.
3.4 Clinical Application ofßAnticancer DrugsReferences; Chapter 4: Alkylating Anticancer Drugs; 4.1 Classical Alkylating Drugs; 4.1.1 Bis Amine/Nitrogen Mustards; 4.1.1.1 Mechlorethamine (Mustine); 4.1.1.2 Chlorambucil; 4.1.1.3 Melphalan; 4.1.1.4 Cyclophosphamide; 4.1.1.5 Ifosfamide; 4.1.1.6 Estramustine; 4.1.1.7 Bendamustine; 4.1.2 Alkyl Sulfonate: Busulfan; 4.1.3 Aziridines (Ethylenimines); 4.1.3.1 ThioTEPA; 4.1.3.2 Mitomycin C; 4.1.4 Nitrosoureas; 4.1.4.1 BCNU (Carmustine); 4.1.4.2 CCNU (Lomustine); 4.1.4.3 Streptozotocin (STZ); 4.2 Nonclassical Alkylating Drugs.
4.2.1 Hydrazine: Procarbazine4.2.2 Triazenes; 4.2.2.1 Dacarbazine; 4.2.2.2 Temozolomide; 4.2.3 Altretamines; 4.3 Alkylating-Like Agents: Platinum Compounds; 4.3.1 Cisplatin; 4.3.2 Carboplatin; 4.3.3 Oxaliplatin; References; Chapter 5: Antimetabolic Anticancer Drugs; 5.1 Folic Acid Derivatives; 5.1.1 Methotrexate; 5.1.2 Pemetrexed; 5.1.3 Pralatrexate; 5.2 Purine Analogs; 5.2.1 6-Mercaptopurine andß6-Thioguanine; 5.2.2 Fludarabine; 5.2.3 Pentostatin (22 deoxycoformycin); 5.2.4 Cladribine; 5.2.5 Clofarabine; 5.2.6 Nelarabine; 5.3 Pyrimidine Analogs; 5.3.1 Fluoropyrimidines.
5.3.1.1 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) andß5-Fluorodeoxyuridine Monophosphate (FdUMP)5.3.1.2 Capecitabine; 5.3.2 Deoxycytidine; 5.3.2.1 Cytarabine (Cytosine Arabinoside, ara-C); 5.3.2.2 Gemcitabine (22 22 difluoro-22 deoxycytidine, dFdC); References; Chapter 6: Natural Product Anticancer Drugs; 6.1 Plant-Derived Anticancer Drugs; 6.1.1 Vinca Alkaloids; 6.1.1.1 Vinblastine andßVincristine; 6.1.1.2 Vinorelbine; 6.1.2 Macrolide: Eribulin; 6.1.3 Taxane; 6.1.3.1 Paclitaxel (Taxol); 6.1.3.2 Docetaxel; 6.1.3.3 Cabazitaxel; 6.1.4 Ixabepilone; 6.1.5 Podophyllotoxins: Topoisomerase II Inhibitors.