Epidemiology of CAD, valve disease, and the need for heart surgery
Diagnostic tests
Preparing a patient for cardiac surgery
Cardiopulmonary bypass
Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG)
Valve surgeries
Other surgical treatments
Off-pump surgeries and minimally invasive techniques
The first few hours : initial recovery
Complications : initial postoperative period
Transition to intermediate care
Extended recovery timelines
Complications : extended recovery period
Discharge
Cardiac rehabilitation.