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Preface; Contents; Contributors; About the Editors; 1 Understanding How Plants Respond to Drought Stress at the Molecular and Whole Plant Levels; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Drought Resistance and Adaptation Mechanisms; 1.2.1 Morphological Adaptation; 1.2.2 Physiological and Biochemical Adaptation; 1.2.2.1 Controlling Guard Cell Behavior and Leaf Water Status; 1.2.2.2 Modulation of Photosynthetic Behavior Under Drought; 1.2.2.3 Osmotic Adjustment Through Synthesis of Osmolytes Under Drought; 1.2.2.4 Antioxidative Defense and Mitigation of Oxidative Stress Under Drought
1.2.2.5 Synthesis of Inducible Proteins Under Drought1.3 Molecular Adaptation Under Drought Stress; 1.3.1 Signaling Pathway Under Drought and Their Crosstalk; 1.3.2 Activation of Transcriptional Factors Under Drought; 1.3.3 Drought Induced Genes and Their Expression in Transgenic; 1.4 Concluding Remarks; References; 2 Genetics of Drought Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Cellular Mechanisms and Traits Conferring Drought Tolerance; 2.2.1 Genes Controlling Primary and Secondary Metabolism; 2.2.2 Stress-Induced Regulatory Genes; 2.2.3 Regulation of ROS
2.3 Developmental Mechanisms and Traits Conferring Drought Tolerance2.3.1 Genes Controlling WUE: Stomatal Sensitivity and ABA; 2.3.2 Architectural: Roots, Stomatal Density, Cuticle and Waxes; 2.3.2.1 Roots; 2.3.2.2 Stomatal Density; 2.3.2.3 Cuticle and Waxes; 2.4 Landraces and Wild Relatives as Sources for Drought Tolerance Traits; 2.4.1 Tomato; 2.4.2 Potato; 2.4.3 Wheat; 2.4.4 Rice; 2.4.5 Corn; 2.5 Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; 3 Tolerance to Drought Stress in Plants: Unravelling the Signaling Networks; 3.1 Introduction
3.2 Generalized Signal Perception and Transduction Pathway: Signaling Cadres3.3 Drought Signal Perception: Receptors and Their Relevance; 3.3.1 Receptor-Like Kinases (RLKs); 3.3.2 Receptor-Like Cytoplasmic Kinases (RLCK); 3.3.3 Histidine Kinases (HKs); 3.4 Drought Signal Amplification; 3.4.1 Secondary Messengers in Signaling and Their Complex Interactive Effects; 3.5 Drought Signal Transduction; 3.5.1 MAPK Kinase Cascades and Signal Transduction; 3.6 Hormonal Signaling Pathways: Multiple Stress Interactions; 3.6.1 ABA Signaling Pathways; 3.6.1.1 Signal Perception and Transduction Modules
3.6.1.2 ABA Dependent and Independent Regulatory Signaling3.7 Small RNAs and Small Signaling Peptides as Signals Under Stress; 3.7.1 Small RNAs: Role Under Drought; 3.7.2 Peptide Signaling Under Drought; 3.8 Inter-organellar Signaling; Acknowledgment; References; 4 Plant Molecular Adaptations and Strategies Under Drought Stress; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Transcriptional Regulation of Gene Expression; 4.2.1 Signaling Molecules; 4.2.2 Transcription Factors; 4.2.2.1 AP2/ERF; 4.2.2.2 bZIP; 4.2.2.3 MYB/MYC; 4.2.2.4 NAC; 4.3 Drought-Responsive Genes; 4.3.1 Late Embryogenesis Abundant Proteins
1.2.2.5 Synthesis of Inducible Proteins Under Drought1.3 Molecular Adaptation Under Drought Stress; 1.3.1 Signaling Pathway Under Drought and Their Crosstalk; 1.3.2 Activation of Transcriptional Factors Under Drought; 1.3.3 Drought Induced Genes and Their Expression in Transgenic; 1.4 Concluding Remarks; References; 2 Genetics of Drought Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Cellular Mechanisms and Traits Conferring Drought Tolerance; 2.2.1 Genes Controlling Primary and Secondary Metabolism; 2.2.2 Stress-Induced Regulatory Genes; 2.2.3 Regulation of ROS
2.3 Developmental Mechanisms and Traits Conferring Drought Tolerance2.3.1 Genes Controlling WUE: Stomatal Sensitivity and ABA; 2.3.2 Architectural: Roots, Stomatal Density, Cuticle and Waxes; 2.3.2.1 Roots; 2.3.2.2 Stomatal Density; 2.3.2.3 Cuticle and Waxes; 2.4 Landraces and Wild Relatives as Sources for Drought Tolerance Traits; 2.4.1 Tomato; 2.4.2 Potato; 2.4.3 Wheat; 2.4.4 Rice; 2.4.5 Corn; 2.5 Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; 3 Tolerance to Drought Stress in Plants: Unravelling the Signaling Networks; 3.1 Introduction
3.2 Generalized Signal Perception and Transduction Pathway: Signaling Cadres3.3 Drought Signal Perception: Receptors and Their Relevance; 3.3.1 Receptor-Like Kinases (RLKs); 3.3.2 Receptor-Like Cytoplasmic Kinases (RLCK); 3.3.3 Histidine Kinases (HKs); 3.4 Drought Signal Amplification; 3.4.1 Secondary Messengers in Signaling and Their Complex Interactive Effects; 3.5 Drought Signal Transduction; 3.5.1 MAPK Kinase Cascades and Signal Transduction; 3.6 Hormonal Signaling Pathways: Multiple Stress Interactions; 3.6.1 ABA Signaling Pathways; 3.6.1.1 Signal Perception and Transduction Modules
3.6.1.2 ABA Dependent and Independent Regulatory Signaling3.7 Small RNAs and Small Signaling Peptides as Signals Under Stress; 3.7.1 Small RNAs: Role Under Drought; 3.7.2 Peptide Signaling Under Drought; 3.8 Inter-organellar Signaling; Acknowledgment; References; 4 Plant Molecular Adaptations and Strategies Under Drought Stress; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Transcriptional Regulation of Gene Expression; 4.2.1 Signaling Molecules; 4.2.2 Transcription Factors; 4.2.2.1 AP2/ERF; 4.2.2.2 bZIP; 4.2.2.3 MYB/MYC; 4.2.2.4 NAC; 4.3 Drought-Responsive Genes; 4.3.1 Late Embryogenesis Abundant Proteins