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Preface; Contents; Contributors; 1: Renal Tumors; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Detection; 1.3 Characterization; 1.3.1 US; 1.3.1.1 Solid Renal Mass; 1.3.1.2 Cystic Renal Mass; 1.3.1.3 Doppler US andssContrast-ƯEnhanced US; 1.3.2 CT; 1.3.2.1 Unenhanced CT; 1.3.2.2 Contrast Enhancement; 1.3.3 MRI; 1.3.3.1 Signal Intensity; 1.3.3.2 Contrast Enhancement; 1.3.3.3 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI); 1.3.4 Positron Emission Tomography; 1.3.5 Biopsy; 1.4 Malignant Renal Cell Tumors: Renal Cell Carcinoma; 1.4.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.4.1.1 Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.
1.4.1.2 Multilocular Cystic Renal Cell Carcinoma (Multilocular Cystic Neoplasm ofssLow Malignant Potential)1.4.1.3 Papillary RCC; 1.4.1.4 Chromophobe RCC; 1.4.1.5 Carcinoma ofssCollecting Duct ofssBellini (Collecting Duct Carcinoma); 1.4.1.6 MiTF/TFE Family Translocation- Associated Carcinoma; 1.4.1.7 Mucinous Tubular andssSpindle Cell Carcinoma; 1.4.1.8 Renal Cell Carcinoma Associated withssEnd-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD); Acquired Cystic Disease-Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma; Clear Cell Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma; 1.4.1.9 Unclassified Renal Cell Carcinoma.
1.4.1.10 Nuclear Grading ofssRCC1.4.2 Imaging; 1.4.2.1 Staging; 1.4.2.2 Subtypes ofssRCC; Clear Cell RCC; Papillary RCC; Chromophobe RCC; Multilocular Cystic RCC; Collecting Duct Carcinoma; Renal Medullary Carcinoma; Mucinous Tubular andssSpindle Cell Carcinoma; Xp11.2 Translocation-TFE3 Gene Fusion Carcinoma; Hereditary RCC Syndromes; 1.5 Benign Renal Cell Tumors; 1.5.1 Oncocytoma; 1.5.1.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.5.1.2 Imaging; 1.5.2 Papillary Adenoma; 1.6 Metanephric Tumors; 1.6.1 Metanephric Adenoma; 1.6.1.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.6.1.2 Imaging; 1.7 Mesenchymal Tumors.
1.7.1 Sarcoma1.7.1.1 Pathologic Consideration; Clear Cell Sarcoma ofssKidney; Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor; Other Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors; 1.7.1.2 Imaging; 1.7.2 Angiomyolipoma; 1.7.2.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.7.2.2 Imaging; US; CT; MRI; 1.7.3 Epithelioid Angiomyolipoma; 1.7.3.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.7.3.2 Imaging; 1.7.4 Rare Benign Renal Mesenchymal Tumors; 1.7.4.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.7.4.2 Imaging; 1.8 Cystic Nephroma andssMixed Mesenchymal andssEpithelial Tumors; 1.8.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.8.2 Imaging; 1.9 Nephroblastoma.
1.9.1 Pathologic Consideration1.9.2 Imaging; 1.10 Neuroendocrine Tumors; 1.10.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.10.2 Imaging; 1.11 Lymphoma; 1.11.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.11.2 Imaging; 1.12 Metastatic Tumors; 1.12.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.12.2 Imaging; 1.13 Therapeutic Considerations; 1.13.1 Active Surveillance ofssRenal Tumor; 1.13.2 Ablation ofssRenal Tumor; 1.13.2.1 Introduction; 1.13.2.2 Patient Selection andssPreparation; 1.13.2.3 Procedures; 1.13.2.4 Complications; 1.13.2.5 Follow-Up; 1.13.2.6 Outcomes; 1.13.3 Surgery; 1.13.3.1 Radical Nephrectomy.
1.4.1.2 Multilocular Cystic Renal Cell Carcinoma (Multilocular Cystic Neoplasm ofssLow Malignant Potential)1.4.1.3 Papillary RCC; 1.4.1.4 Chromophobe RCC; 1.4.1.5 Carcinoma ofssCollecting Duct ofssBellini (Collecting Duct Carcinoma); 1.4.1.6 MiTF/TFE Family Translocation- Associated Carcinoma; 1.4.1.7 Mucinous Tubular andssSpindle Cell Carcinoma; 1.4.1.8 Renal Cell Carcinoma Associated withssEnd-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD); Acquired Cystic Disease-Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma; Clear Cell Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma; 1.4.1.9 Unclassified Renal Cell Carcinoma.
1.4.1.10 Nuclear Grading ofssRCC1.4.2 Imaging; 1.4.2.1 Staging; 1.4.2.2 Subtypes ofssRCC; Clear Cell RCC; Papillary RCC; Chromophobe RCC; Multilocular Cystic RCC; Collecting Duct Carcinoma; Renal Medullary Carcinoma; Mucinous Tubular andssSpindle Cell Carcinoma; Xp11.2 Translocation-TFE3 Gene Fusion Carcinoma; Hereditary RCC Syndromes; 1.5 Benign Renal Cell Tumors; 1.5.1 Oncocytoma; 1.5.1.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.5.1.2 Imaging; 1.5.2 Papillary Adenoma; 1.6 Metanephric Tumors; 1.6.1 Metanephric Adenoma; 1.6.1.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.6.1.2 Imaging; 1.7 Mesenchymal Tumors.
1.7.1 Sarcoma1.7.1.1 Pathologic Consideration; Clear Cell Sarcoma ofssKidney; Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor; Other Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors; 1.7.1.2 Imaging; 1.7.2 Angiomyolipoma; 1.7.2.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.7.2.2 Imaging; US; CT; MRI; 1.7.3 Epithelioid Angiomyolipoma; 1.7.3.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.7.3.2 Imaging; 1.7.4 Rare Benign Renal Mesenchymal Tumors; 1.7.4.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.7.4.2 Imaging; 1.8 Cystic Nephroma andssMixed Mesenchymal andssEpithelial Tumors; 1.8.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.8.2 Imaging; 1.9 Nephroblastoma.
1.9.1 Pathologic Consideration1.9.2 Imaging; 1.10 Neuroendocrine Tumors; 1.10.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.10.2 Imaging; 1.11 Lymphoma; 1.11.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.11.2 Imaging; 1.12 Metastatic Tumors; 1.12.1 Pathologic Consideration; 1.12.2 Imaging; 1.13 Therapeutic Considerations; 1.13.1 Active Surveillance ofssRenal Tumor; 1.13.2 Ablation ofssRenal Tumor; 1.13.2.1 Introduction; 1.13.2.2 Patient Selection andssPreparation; 1.13.2.3 Procedures; 1.13.2.4 Complications; 1.13.2.5 Follow-Up; 1.13.2.6 Outcomes; 1.13.3 Surgery; 1.13.3.1 Radical Nephrectomy.