Preface; How this Book is Organized; Who Is It For?; About the Editors; Contents; 1 FPGA Based Smart System for Non Invasive Blood Glucose Sensing Using Photoplethysmography and Online Correction of Motion Artifact; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Background; 3 Methods and Procedures; 3.1 Trans Impedance Amplifier; 3.2 High Pass Filter; 3.3 Low Pass Filter; 4 Adaptive Filtering; 5 Conventional Fir Based Adaptive Filtering of PPG; 6 Adaptive Filter Based on Adaline Neural Network; 6.1 Adaptive Linear Network Architecture

7 FPGA Implementation of Multi-Layered Perceptron Neural Network Prediction Model7.1 Structure of the Feed Forward Network; 7.2 Implementing the Sigmoid Activation Function; 7.3 System Level Design; 8 Results; 9 Conclusion; References; 2 Sensing System for Bone Health Monitoring; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Osteoporosis and Bone Health; 1.2 Contemporary Methods Available for Osteoporosis Detection and Their Limitations; 2 Motivation; 3 Behaviour of Interdigital Sensors; 3.1 Operating Principle of Interdigital Sensors; 3.2 High Penetration Depth Planar Interdigital Sensors

4 Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy5 Experiments Using the Elisa Kit; 5.1 Assay Procedure; 5.2 Experimental Results from ELISA; 6 Experiments Using the Developed Sensing System; 6.1 Experimental Set up; 6.2 Sensor Functionalization and EIS Testing; 6.2.1 Results and Discussions; 6.2.2 Complex Nonlinear Least Squares Curve Fitting; 7 Conclusion; References; 3 Cavitas Sensors (Soft Contact Lens Type Biosensor, Mouth-Guard Type Sensor, etc.) for Daily Medicine; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Contact Lens Sensors in Conjunctiva Sac; 2.1 Tear Fluid; 2.2 Tear Conductivity Sensor

2.3 Eyelid Transcutaneous Gas Sensor3 Soft Contact Lens Type Biosensors for Tear Chemicals; 4 Mouthguard Sensors in an Oral Cavity; 4.1 Salivary Fluids in a Human; 4.2 pH Sensing; 4.3 Salivary Uric Acid Sensor in Oral Cavity; 4.4 Glucose Sensor in Oral Cavity; 5 Conclusion; References; 4 Development of Novel Image Sensor for Root Canal Observation; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 System Requirements; 3 Experimental Setup of the External-Irradiation System; 3.1 Gradient-Index Lens (GRIN Lens); 3.2 Image Fibre; 3.3 System Construction; 3.4 Observation Method

4 Observation Results of the External-Irradiation System5 Evaluation of the External-Irradiation System; 6 Experimental Setup of the Internal-Irradiation System; 6.1 Improvement of the System Construction; 6.2 Specification of the Image Fibre and GRIN Lens for Internal-Irradiation System; 7 Results of the Internal-Irradiation System; 8 Latest Research Progress; 9 Discussions; 10 Conclusions; References; 5 Frame-by-Frame Speech Signal Processing and Recognition for FPGA Devices; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Speech Analysis for FPGA Implementation; 2.1 Fundamentals of Speech