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Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; Editors and Contributors; Executive Summary; Rainfall; Temperature; Extreme Rainfall and Rainstorms; Heat and Cold Waves; Meteorological Droughts; Tropical Cyclones and Monsoon Depressions; Total Cloud Cover; Moisture Content; Radiative Fluxes; Sea Surface Temperature, Ocean Circulation; Sea Level; Glaciers and Snow Cover; Atmospheric Aerosol; Ozone and Related Trace Gases; Paleoclimatic Records of Past Monsoons; Regional Climate Change Scenarios; 1 Observed Variability and Long-Term Trends of Rainfall Over India; 1 Introduction.
2 Brief Review of the Past Work3 Data Used and Methodology; 4 Observed Changes in Rainfall Pattern; 4.1 Trend and Variability in All India Rainfall; 4.2 Trends and Variability on Regional Scale; 5 Trends in North-east Monsoon Rainfall; 6 Change Point or Climate Jump in the South-west Monsoon Rainfall Over India; 7 Conclusions; References; 2 Variability and Long-Term Changes in Surface Air Temperatures Over the Indian Subcontinent; 1 Introduction; 2 Review of Past Work Done; 2.1 Data and Methodology; 3 Results and Discussions; 3.1 Annual Trend of All India Temperatures.
3.2 Seasonal Temperatures3.3 Spatial Patterns of Temperature Trends; Annual Temperatures; Spatial Trends in the Seasonal Temperatures; 4 Trend in Upper-Air Temperatures; 5 Summary; References; 3 Variability and Trends of Extreme Rainfall and Rainstorms; 1 Introduction; 2 Data and Methodology; 3 Result and Analysis; 3.1 Changes in the Frequency of Rainfall Events of Different Intensities in States; 3.2 Trends of Extreme Rainfall Events Based on Gridded Data; 3.3 Rainstorms; 4 Conclusions; References; 4 Heat and Cold Waves Over India; 1 Introduction; 2 Definition of HW and CW.
3 Data and Methodology4 Heat Wave (HW)/Severe Heat Wave (SHW); 4.1 Climatology and Decadal Variation; Frequency of the HW/SHW Days; Persistency of HW/SHW Conditions; Spatial Coverage of the HW/SHW; 4.2 HW/SHW Days and ENSO; 4.3 Trends in the Seasonal HW Days; 4.4 Trends in the Total HW/SHW Days Over Core HW Zone (CHZ); 5 CW/SCW; 5.1 Climatology and Decadal Variation; Frequency of the CW/SCW Days; Persistency of CW/SCW Events; Spatial Coverage of the CW/SCW; 5.2 ENSO and CW Days; 5.3 Trends in the Station-Wise Seasonal CW/SCW Days; 5.4 Trends in the Total CW/SCW Days Over CCZ; 6 Conclusions.
2 Brief Review of the Past Work3 Data Used and Methodology; 4 Observed Changes in Rainfall Pattern; 4.1 Trend and Variability in All India Rainfall; 4.2 Trends and Variability on Regional Scale; 5 Trends in North-east Monsoon Rainfall; 6 Change Point or Climate Jump in the South-west Monsoon Rainfall Over India; 7 Conclusions; References; 2 Variability and Long-Term Changes in Surface Air Temperatures Over the Indian Subcontinent; 1 Introduction; 2 Review of Past Work Done; 2.1 Data and Methodology; 3 Results and Discussions; 3.1 Annual Trend of All India Temperatures.
3.2 Seasonal Temperatures3.3 Spatial Patterns of Temperature Trends; Annual Temperatures; Spatial Trends in the Seasonal Temperatures; 4 Trend in Upper-Air Temperatures; 5 Summary; References; 3 Variability and Trends of Extreme Rainfall and Rainstorms; 1 Introduction; 2 Data and Methodology; 3 Result and Analysis; 3.1 Changes in the Frequency of Rainfall Events of Different Intensities in States; 3.2 Trends of Extreme Rainfall Events Based on Gridded Data; 3.3 Rainstorms; 4 Conclusions; References; 4 Heat and Cold Waves Over India; 1 Introduction; 2 Definition of HW and CW.
3 Data and Methodology4 Heat Wave (HW)/Severe Heat Wave (SHW); 4.1 Climatology and Decadal Variation; Frequency of the HW/SHW Days; Persistency of HW/SHW Conditions; Spatial Coverage of the HW/SHW; 4.2 HW/SHW Days and ENSO; 4.3 Trends in the Seasonal HW Days; 4.4 Trends in the Total HW/SHW Days Over Core HW Zone (CHZ); 5 CW/SCW; 5.1 Climatology and Decadal Variation; Frequency of the CW/SCW Days; Persistency of CW/SCW Events; Spatial Coverage of the CW/SCW; 5.2 ENSO and CW Days; 5.3 Trends in the Station-Wise Seasonal CW/SCW Days; 5.4 Trends in the Total CW/SCW Days Over CCZ; 6 Conclusions.