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Preface; Contents; About the Editors; 1 Expert Material Selection for Manufacturing of Green Bio Composites; Abstract; 1 Bio Composite Materials; 2 Expert System in Material Selection; 3 Material Selection Software; 4 Open Source Material Selection Software; 5 Case Study with Automotive Components; 5.1 Weighted Range Method (WRM); 6 Conclusions; References; 2 Sustainable Biocomposites: Challenges, Potential and Barriers for Development; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Green Bio-Composites; 1.2 Driving Factors for Bio-Composites; 2 Bio-Composites in Macroscale; 3 Nanocomposites
3.1 Nanofibers from Natural Fibers3.2 Nanoclay; 3.3 Polymeric Based Nanocomposites/Applications; 4 Barriers for the Development of Green Bio-Composites; 5 Material Selection for Bio-Composites and Its Importance; 6 Consequences of Improper Material Selection Decision; 7 Bio-Based Materials Usage; 8 Future Developments; 9 Conclusions; References; 3 Natural Fiber-Based Biocomposites; Abstract; 1 Biopolymers; 1.1 Natural Biopolymers; 1.1.1 Protein; 1.1.2 Starch; 1.1.3 Soybean Oil Based Plastic; 1.2 Microbial Biopolymers; 1.3 Synthesized Biopolymers; 2 Natural Fillers
3 Nature Fiber and Biopolymer Based Biocomposites3.1 Surface Modification; 3.1.1 Chemical Treatments; Alkaline Treatment; Silane; Esterification; Maleated Polymer as Coupling Agent; Polymer Grafting; Other Chemical Treatments; 3.1.2 Physical or Physico-Chemical Treatment; 3.1.3 Biological Treatment; 3.2 Biocomposites; 3.2.1 Thermal Stability of Natural Fibers; 3.2.2 Petroleum-Based Polymer Matrix; Thermoplastic Polymer Matrix; Thermoset Polymer Matrix; 3.2.3 Biodegradable Polymer; 3.3 Applications; 3.3.1 Automotive; 3.3.2 Stimuli-Responsive Materials; 3.3.3 Construction
3.3.4 Other Applications4 Conclusion; References; 4 Lignin as an Additive for Advanced Composites; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Lignin in Polymer Composites; 2.1 Lignin as a Stabilizer in the Polymer Composites; 2.2 Lignin as a Reinforcer in Polymer Composites; 2.3 Lignin as a Filler in Polymer Composites; 2.4 Lignin as a Compatibilizer in Polymer Composites; 3 Applications of Lignin Based Composites; 4 Conclusions and Future Prospective; References; 5 Recent Progress on Rubber Based Biocomposites: From Carbon Nanotubes to Ionic Liquids; Abstract; 1 Introduction
2 Overview and Potential Merits of Composites3 Manufacturing Techniques of Rubber Nanocomposites (NCs); 3.1 Conventional Manufacturing Techniques; 3.1.1 Mixing; 3.1.2 Forming; 3.1.3 Vulcanizing; 3.2 Rubber Nanocomposites; 3.2.1 Advantages of Rubber Nanocomposites; 3.2.2 Challenges of Rubber Nanocomposites; 3.3 Reinforcing Agent; 3.3.1 Carbon Black; 3.3.2 Clays and Clay Minerals; 4 Natural Rubber Green Nanocomposite; 5 Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Rubber Composites; 5.1 Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes; 5.2 Elastomeric Nanocomposites; 5.2.1 Natural Rubber; 5.2.2 Styrene-Butadiene Rubber
3.1 Nanofibers from Natural Fibers3.2 Nanoclay; 3.3 Polymeric Based Nanocomposites/Applications; 4 Barriers for the Development of Green Bio-Composites; 5 Material Selection for Bio-Composites and Its Importance; 6 Consequences of Improper Material Selection Decision; 7 Bio-Based Materials Usage; 8 Future Developments; 9 Conclusions; References; 3 Natural Fiber-Based Biocomposites; Abstract; 1 Biopolymers; 1.1 Natural Biopolymers; 1.1.1 Protein; 1.1.2 Starch; 1.1.3 Soybean Oil Based Plastic; 1.2 Microbial Biopolymers; 1.3 Synthesized Biopolymers; 2 Natural Fillers
3 Nature Fiber and Biopolymer Based Biocomposites3.1 Surface Modification; 3.1.1 Chemical Treatments; Alkaline Treatment; Silane; Esterification; Maleated Polymer as Coupling Agent; Polymer Grafting; Other Chemical Treatments; 3.1.2 Physical or Physico-Chemical Treatment; 3.1.3 Biological Treatment; 3.2 Biocomposites; 3.2.1 Thermal Stability of Natural Fibers; 3.2.2 Petroleum-Based Polymer Matrix; Thermoplastic Polymer Matrix; Thermoset Polymer Matrix; 3.2.3 Biodegradable Polymer; 3.3 Applications; 3.3.1 Automotive; 3.3.2 Stimuli-Responsive Materials; 3.3.3 Construction
3.3.4 Other Applications4 Conclusion; References; 4 Lignin as an Additive for Advanced Composites; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Lignin in Polymer Composites; 2.1 Lignin as a Stabilizer in the Polymer Composites; 2.2 Lignin as a Reinforcer in Polymer Composites; 2.3 Lignin as a Filler in Polymer Composites; 2.4 Lignin as a Compatibilizer in Polymer Composites; 3 Applications of Lignin Based Composites; 4 Conclusions and Future Prospective; References; 5 Recent Progress on Rubber Based Biocomposites: From Carbon Nanotubes to Ionic Liquids; Abstract; 1 Introduction
2 Overview and Potential Merits of Composites3 Manufacturing Techniques of Rubber Nanocomposites (NCs); 3.1 Conventional Manufacturing Techniques; 3.1.1 Mixing; 3.1.2 Forming; 3.1.3 Vulcanizing; 3.2 Rubber Nanocomposites; 3.2.1 Advantages of Rubber Nanocomposites; 3.2.2 Challenges of Rubber Nanocomposites; 3.3 Reinforcing Agent; 3.3.1 Carbon Black; 3.3.2 Clays and Clay Minerals; 4 Natural Rubber Green Nanocomposite; 5 Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Rubber Composites; 5.1 Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes; 5.2 Elastomeric Nanocomposites; 5.2.1 Natural Rubber; 5.2.2 Styrene-Butadiene Rubber