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Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgments; Contents; 1: Introduction: Endodontic Prognosis andßOutcome; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Multifactorial Nature ofßEndodontic Outcome; 1.3 Preoperative Factors; 1.4 Intraoperative Factors; 1.5 Postoperative Factors; 1.6 Effect ofßRoot Canal Infection onßTreatment Outcome; 1.7 Outcomes inßEndodontic Therapy; References; 2: Microbiology andßImmunology ofßEndodontic Infections; 2.1 The Oral andßRoot Canal Environments; 2.1.1 The Oral Ecosystem; 2.1.2 Microbial Colonization ofßTooth Surfaces; 2.1.3 Oral Health andßDisease; 2.1.4 The Root Canal Ecosystem.
2.2 Root Canal Infections2.2.1 Pathways ofßMicrobial Entry; 2.2.2 Pulp Inflammatory Reaction; 2.2.3 Primary Invaders; 2.2.4 Progression ofßtheßInfection; 2.2.5 The Endodontic Pathogen; 2.2.6 Polymicrobial Nature ofßRoot Canal Infections; 2.3 The Biofilm Lifestyle; 2.3.1 How Bacteria Build Biofilms; 2.3.2 Biofilms Formed inßRoot Canals; 2.3.3 Why Bacteria Form Biofilms; 2.3.4 Biofilm Resistance toßAntimicrobials; 2.4 Microbiological Methods Used inßEndodontics; 2.4.1 Microbial Identification byßCulture andßMolecular Methods; 2.4.2 Differences inßMicrobial Composition.
2.4.3 In Situ Microscopy2.5 Prognosis ofßRoot Canal Infections; 2.5.1 Where Are Bacteria Located After Treatment; 2.5.2 How Bacteria Survive Root Canal Treatment; 2.5.3 Most Resistant Species; 2.5.4 The Chronic Inflammatory Response; 2.6 Concluding Remarks; References; 3: Diagnosis ofßPulpal andßPeriradicular Disease; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Diagnosis ofßPulpal Disease; 3.2.1 Chief Complaint (CC); 3.2.2 Medical History; 3.2.3 Dental History; 3.2.4 Clinical Examination; 3.2.4.1 Extraoral Examination; 3.2.4.2 Intraoral Examination; 3.2.4.3 Diagnostic Pulp Tests; Test Site.
Thermal Tests InterpretationElectric Pulp Test (EPT) Interpretation; Reliability ofßPulp Tests; Correlation ofßClinical Signs/Symptoms, Diagnostic Data, andßActual Histological Status ofßtheßPulp; 3.2.5 Radiographic Examination; 3.2.5.1 Conventional Intraoral Radiography; 3.2.5.2 Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT); 3.2.6 Clinical Diagnostic Terminology ofßPulpal Disease; 3.3 Diagnosis ofßPeriapical Disease; 3.3.1 Pulp Tests; 3.3.2 Periapical Tests; 3.3.2.1 Percussion; 3.3.2.2 Palpation; 3.3.2.3 Swelling or Draining Sinus Track; 3.3.3 Radiographic Examination.
3.3.3.1 Conventional Intraoral Radiography3.3.3.2 Cone Beam Computed Tomography; 3.3.4 Clinical Diagnostic Terminology ofßPeriapical Disease; 3.4 Endodontic Prognosis andßPulpal-Periapical Disease; References; 4: Endodontic Treatment ofßMature Teeth; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Pathosis ofßtheßPulpal-Periapical Tissue Complex; 4.3 Biological Considerations ofßTreatment ofßEndodontically Involved Mature Teeth WithoutßApical Periodontitis; 4.4 Biological Considerations ofßTreatment ofßEndodontically Involved Mature Teeth withßApical Periodontitis.
2.2 Root Canal Infections2.2.1 Pathways ofßMicrobial Entry; 2.2.2 Pulp Inflammatory Reaction; 2.2.3 Primary Invaders; 2.2.4 Progression ofßtheßInfection; 2.2.5 The Endodontic Pathogen; 2.2.6 Polymicrobial Nature ofßRoot Canal Infections; 2.3 The Biofilm Lifestyle; 2.3.1 How Bacteria Build Biofilms; 2.3.2 Biofilms Formed inßRoot Canals; 2.3.3 Why Bacteria Form Biofilms; 2.3.4 Biofilm Resistance toßAntimicrobials; 2.4 Microbiological Methods Used inßEndodontics; 2.4.1 Microbial Identification byßCulture andßMolecular Methods; 2.4.2 Differences inßMicrobial Composition.
2.4.3 In Situ Microscopy2.5 Prognosis ofßRoot Canal Infections; 2.5.1 Where Are Bacteria Located After Treatment; 2.5.2 How Bacteria Survive Root Canal Treatment; 2.5.3 Most Resistant Species; 2.5.4 The Chronic Inflammatory Response; 2.6 Concluding Remarks; References; 3: Diagnosis ofßPulpal andßPeriradicular Disease; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Diagnosis ofßPulpal Disease; 3.2.1 Chief Complaint (CC); 3.2.2 Medical History; 3.2.3 Dental History; 3.2.4 Clinical Examination; 3.2.4.1 Extraoral Examination; 3.2.4.2 Intraoral Examination; 3.2.4.3 Diagnostic Pulp Tests; Test Site.
Thermal Tests InterpretationElectric Pulp Test (EPT) Interpretation; Reliability ofßPulp Tests; Correlation ofßClinical Signs/Symptoms, Diagnostic Data, andßActual Histological Status ofßtheßPulp; 3.2.5 Radiographic Examination; 3.2.5.1 Conventional Intraoral Radiography; 3.2.5.2 Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT); 3.2.6 Clinical Diagnostic Terminology ofßPulpal Disease; 3.3 Diagnosis ofßPeriapical Disease; 3.3.1 Pulp Tests; 3.3.2 Periapical Tests; 3.3.2.1 Percussion; 3.3.2.2 Palpation; 3.3.2.3 Swelling or Draining Sinus Track; 3.3.3 Radiographic Examination.
3.3.3.1 Conventional Intraoral Radiography3.3.3.2 Cone Beam Computed Tomography; 3.3.4 Clinical Diagnostic Terminology ofßPeriapical Disease; 3.4 Endodontic Prognosis andßPulpal-Periapical Disease; References; 4: Endodontic Treatment ofßMature Teeth; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Pathosis ofßtheßPulpal-Periapical Tissue Complex; 4.3 Biological Considerations ofßTreatment ofßEndodontically Involved Mature Teeth WithoutßApical Periodontitis; 4.4 Biological Considerations ofßTreatment ofßEndodontically Involved Mature Teeth withßApical Periodontitis.