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Supervisors' Foreword; Parts of this thesis have been published in the following journal articles:[A1] Guangmin Zhou, Songfeng Pei, Lu Li, Da-Wei Wang, Shaogang Wang, Kun Huang, Li-Chang Yin, Feng Li, Hui-Ming Cheng. A graphene-pure sulphur sandwich structure for ultrafast, long-life lithium-sulphur batteries. Advanced Materials, 2014, 26, 625-631.[A2] Guangmin Zhou, Li-Chang Yin, Da-Wei Wang, Lu Li, Songfeng Pei, Ian R. Gentle, Feng Li, and Hui-Ming Cheng, Fibrous hybrid of graphene and sulfur nanocrystals for high p; Acknowledgements; Contents; About the Author
Other Academic Awards and Honors IncludeAbbreviations; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Introduction of Lithium-Sulfur Secondary Battery; 1.1.1 Cathode Materials; 1.1.1.1 Sulfur-Carbon Composites; 1.1.1.2 Sulfur-Conducting Polymer Composites; 1.1.1.3 Sulfur/Metal Oxide Composite; 1.1.1.4 Lithium Sulfide Materials; 1.1.2 Anode Materials; 1.1.3 Separators and Interlayers; 1.1.4 Electrolyte; 1.2 Motivations of the Thesis; References; 2 Revealing Localized Electrochemical Transition of Sulfur in Sub-nanometer Confinement; 2.1 Research Background
2.2 Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Carbon-Sulfur Composite Cathode2.2.1 Synthesis of Hierarchical Porous Carbon (HPC); 2.2.2 Synthesis of Carbon-Sulfur Composite; 2.2.3 Structure Characterization of the Carbon-Sulfur Composite; 2.2.4 Electrochemical Performance of the Carbon-Sulfur Composite Cathode; 2.3 Mechanism Analysis of the Pore Size Dependence of Confinement on Electrochemical Performance in Li-S Batteries; 2.4 Conclusion; References; 3 Flexible Nanostructured Sulfur-Carbon Nanotube Cathode with High-Rate Performance for Li-S Batteries; 3.1 Research Background
3.2 Design and Fabrication of Flexible Nanostructured S-CNT Cathode3.2.1 Synthesis of S-Containing Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) Template; 3.2.2 Synthesis of S-CNTs Composites; 3.2.3 Synthesis of CNTs; 3.2.4 Fabrication of Flexible S-CNT Membranes; 3.3 Sulfur Formation Mechanism; 3.4 Characterization of S-CNTs; 3.5 Control of the Sulfur Content in the S-CNTs; 3.6 First-Principles Calculations of the Sulfur Molecules Diffusion Within the Micropores; 3.7 Synthesis, Structure, and Performance of Flexible S-CNT Electrode; 3.8 Electrochemical Performance of Flexible Nanostructured S-CNT Cathode
3.9 Fabrication of Flexible Silicon/Graphene Anode and Assembly of Flexible Li-S Full Battery Prototype3.9.1 Fabrication of Flexible Silicon/Graphene Composite Film; 3.9.2 Fabrication of Flexible Prelithiated Silicon/Graphene Composite Film; 3.9.3 Assembly of Flexible Li-S Full Battery Prototype; 3.10 Conclusion; References; 4 Fibrous Hybrid of Graphene and Sulfur Nanocrystals for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries; 4.1 Research Background; 4.2 Material Fabrication and Structure; 4.2.1 Synthesis of GO; 4.2.2 Synthesis of Intercalation Exfoliated Graphene
Other Academic Awards and Honors IncludeAbbreviations; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Introduction of Lithium-Sulfur Secondary Battery; 1.1.1 Cathode Materials; 1.1.1.1 Sulfur-Carbon Composites; 1.1.1.2 Sulfur-Conducting Polymer Composites; 1.1.1.3 Sulfur/Metal Oxide Composite; 1.1.1.4 Lithium Sulfide Materials; 1.1.2 Anode Materials; 1.1.3 Separators and Interlayers; 1.1.4 Electrolyte; 1.2 Motivations of the Thesis; References; 2 Revealing Localized Electrochemical Transition of Sulfur in Sub-nanometer Confinement; 2.1 Research Background
2.2 Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Carbon-Sulfur Composite Cathode2.2.1 Synthesis of Hierarchical Porous Carbon (HPC); 2.2.2 Synthesis of Carbon-Sulfur Composite; 2.2.3 Structure Characterization of the Carbon-Sulfur Composite; 2.2.4 Electrochemical Performance of the Carbon-Sulfur Composite Cathode; 2.3 Mechanism Analysis of the Pore Size Dependence of Confinement on Electrochemical Performance in Li-S Batteries; 2.4 Conclusion; References; 3 Flexible Nanostructured Sulfur-Carbon Nanotube Cathode with High-Rate Performance for Li-S Batteries; 3.1 Research Background
3.2 Design and Fabrication of Flexible Nanostructured S-CNT Cathode3.2.1 Synthesis of S-Containing Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) Template; 3.2.2 Synthesis of S-CNTs Composites; 3.2.3 Synthesis of CNTs; 3.2.4 Fabrication of Flexible S-CNT Membranes; 3.3 Sulfur Formation Mechanism; 3.4 Characterization of S-CNTs; 3.5 Control of the Sulfur Content in the S-CNTs; 3.6 First-Principles Calculations of the Sulfur Molecules Diffusion Within the Micropores; 3.7 Synthesis, Structure, and Performance of Flexible S-CNT Electrode; 3.8 Electrochemical Performance of Flexible Nanostructured S-CNT Cathode
3.9 Fabrication of Flexible Silicon/Graphene Anode and Assembly of Flexible Li-S Full Battery Prototype3.9.1 Fabrication of Flexible Silicon/Graphene Composite Film; 3.9.2 Fabrication of Flexible Prelithiated Silicon/Graphene Composite Film; 3.9.3 Assembly of Flexible Li-S Full Battery Prototype; 3.10 Conclusion; References; 4 Fibrous Hybrid of Graphene and Sulfur Nanocrystals for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries; 4.1 Research Background; 4.2 Material Fabrication and Structure; 4.2.1 Synthesis of GO; 4.2.2 Synthesis of Intercalation Exfoliated Graphene