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Table of Contents
Preface; Contents; About the Editors; General; 1 Introduction to the Locomotives and Rail Road Transportation; Abstract; References; 2 Diesel Locomotives of Indian Railways: A Technical History; Abstract; 1 The Early Diesels; 2 Improving WDM2; 3 Back to the GM-EMD; Acknowledgements; Appendix: Locomotive Codes; References; Efficiency Improvement and Noise Reduction; 3 Exhaust Heat Recovery Options for Diesel Locomotives; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Fuel Based Exhaust Recovery Approach; 3 Solid-State Based EHR; 4 Comparison of Solid and Fluid Based EHR Option
5 Case Studies on EHR Method Implementation6 Summary and Possibilities; References; 4 Diesel Locomotive Noise Sources, Reduction Strategies, Methods and Standards; Abstract; 1 Background; 2 Working of a Diesel Engine; 2.1 Diesel Engine; 2.2 DC Generator or AC Alternator and Rectifier; 2.3 Traction Motors; 2.4 Electronic Controls and Batteries; 2.5 Air Blower; 2.6 Radiator and Radiator Fan; 2.7 Air Compressor; 3 Sources of Noise in Diesel-Electric Locomotive; 3.1 Engine Noise; 3.2 Cooling Fan Noise; 3.3 Noise Due to Structural Vibrations; 3.4 Traction Motor Blower Noise
3.5 Noise from Traction Motors3.6 Noise from Generators; 4 Noise Reduction Strategies for Diesel-Electric Locomotives; 4.1 Passive Approaches to Noise Reduction; 4.2 Active Approaches to Noise Reduction; 5 Noise Regulations, Standards, and Methods; 5.1 Measuring Locomotive Noise in Line-Haul Operations; 5.2 Locomotive Cab Noise; 5.3 Other Relevant Standards; References; Alternate Fuels for Locomotive Traction; 5 Biodiesel as an Alternate Fuel for Diesel Traction on Indian Railways; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Diesel Locomotive Biodiesel Eco-System; 2.1 Raw Materials
2.2 Processing and Different Pathways2.3 Quality Control; 2.4 Storage, Blending, and Supply Logistics; 2.5 Biodiesel Aging and Stability; 3 Engine Characterization; 3.1 OEM Biodiesel Blend Approvals; 3.2 Suggested Process to Evaluate the Impact of Biodiesel in Locomotives [9]; 3.3 Biodiesel Effects on Engine Emissions; 3.3.1 US EPA Review of Biodiesel Emissions; 3.3.2 Results of Tests Conducted for Biodiesel Fuelled Engines by Other Researchers; 4 Effect of Biodiesel on Locomotive Emissions; 5 Impact of Biodiesel on Lubrication of Diesel Engines
6 Studies Carried Out at Engine Development Directorate of RDSO6.1 Biodiesel Characterization; 6.1.1 Gas Chromatography; 6.1.2 Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA); 6.1.3 Calorific Value; 6.2 Engine Performance Characterization; 6.3 Engine Emission Characterization; 7 Fuel Equipment Manufacturer's Joint Statement on Biodiesel [14]; 8 Well to Wheels Energy Usage of Different Fuels [15]; 9 Costing; 10 Roadmap for Indian Railways; 11 Summary; References; 6 Fuel Properties and Emission Characteristics of Dimethyl Ether in a Diesel Engine; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Fuel Properties of DME
5 Case Studies on EHR Method Implementation6 Summary and Possibilities; References; 4 Diesel Locomotive Noise Sources, Reduction Strategies, Methods and Standards; Abstract; 1 Background; 2 Working of a Diesel Engine; 2.1 Diesel Engine; 2.2 DC Generator or AC Alternator and Rectifier; 2.3 Traction Motors; 2.4 Electronic Controls and Batteries; 2.5 Air Blower; 2.6 Radiator and Radiator Fan; 2.7 Air Compressor; 3 Sources of Noise in Diesel-Electric Locomotive; 3.1 Engine Noise; 3.2 Cooling Fan Noise; 3.3 Noise Due to Structural Vibrations; 3.4 Traction Motor Blower Noise
3.5 Noise from Traction Motors3.6 Noise from Generators; 4 Noise Reduction Strategies for Diesel-Electric Locomotives; 4.1 Passive Approaches to Noise Reduction; 4.2 Active Approaches to Noise Reduction; 5 Noise Regulations, Standards, and Methods; 5.1 Measuring Locomotive Noise in Line-Haul Operations; 5.2 Locomotive Cab Noise; 5.3 Other Relevant Standards; References; Alternate Fuels for Locomotive Traction; 5 Biodiesel as an Alternate Fuel for Diesel Traction on Indian Railways; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Diesel Locomotive Biodiesel Eco-System; 2.1 Raw Materials
2.2 Processing and Different Pathways2.3 Quality Control; 2.4 Storage, Blending, and Supply Logistics; 2.5 Biodiesel Aging and Stability; 3 Engine Characterization; 3.1 OEM Biodiesel Blend Approvals; 3.2 Suggested Process to Evaluate the Impact of Biodiesel in Locomotives [9]; 3.3 Biodiesel Effects on Engine Emissions; 3.3.1 US EPA Review of Biodiesel Emissions; 3.3.2 Results of Tests Conducted for Biodiesel Fuelled Engines by Other Researchers; 4 Effect of Biodiesel on Locomotive Emissions; 5 Impact of Biodiesel on Lubrication of Diesel Engines
6 Studies Carried Out at Engine Development Directorate of RDSO6.1 Biodiesel Characterization; 6.1.1 Gas Chromatography; 6.1.2 Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA); 6.1.3 Calorific Value; 6.2 Engine Performance Characterization; 6.3 Engine Emission Characterization; 7 Fuel Equipment Manufacturer's Joint Statement on Biodiesel [14]; 8 Well to Wheels Energy Usage of Different Fuels [15]; 9 Costing; 10 Roadmap for Indian Railways; 11 Summary; References; 6 Fuel Properties and Emission Characteristics of Dimethyl Ether in a Diesel Engine; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Fuel Properties of DME