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Table of Contents
Preface; Contents; About the Editors; 1 Sensors and Their Characteristics; Abstract; 1 Introduction to Sensors; 2 Sensors and Transducers; 3 Important Characteristics of Sensors; 3.1 Resolution of a Sensor; 3.2 Range (Full Scale) of a Sensor; 3.3 Safe Range (Overload Factor) of a Sensor; 3.4 Accuracy of a Sensor; 3.5 Gain Error, Offset and Offset Drift of a Sensor; 3.6 Linear and Nonlinear Characteristics of a Sensor; 3.7 Transient and Steady State Responses of a Sensor; 3.8 Settling Time (Response Time) of a Sensor; 3.9 Slew Rate and Rise Time of a Sensor
3.10 'Static' and 'Dynamic' Characteristics of a Sensor3.11 Frequency Response Characteristics of a Sensor; 3.12 Impulse Response Characteristics of a Sensor; 4 Model Based Analysis of a Sensor's Characteristic; 4.1 Modeling a Sensor; 4.2 The Laplace Transform; 4.3 Sensor's Performance Analysis Using Laplace Transform; 4.4 Analysis of the Behavior of a Sensor Using Transfer Function; 4.5 Operating Environment Based Characteristics of a Sensor; 5 Classification of Sensors; 5.1 Active and Passive Sensors; 5.2 Classification Based on a Sensor's Parameter(s); 6 Exercises
2 Advanced Interfacing Techniques for the Capacitive SensorsAbstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Capacitive Sensors for Sensing Applications; 2.1 Parallel Plate Capacitive Sensor; 2.2 Cylindrical Coaxial Capacitive Sensor; 2.3 Cylindrical Cross-Capacitor; 3 Precautions Necessary for the Use of the Capacitive Sensors; 3.1 Shielding of the Capacitive Sensor; 3.2 Guarding of the Capacitor Electrodes; 3.3 Shielded Cable and the Cable Length; 4 Lossy Capacitive Sensor; 5 Advancement in the Design of Electronics Interface for the Capacitive Sensors; 5.1 Introduction
5.2 Interface Electronics Circuit for the Capacitive Sensors5.3 Oscillator Based Transformer Ratio Arm Bridge for Interfacing the Capacitive Sensor; 5.3.1 Working of the Interface Electronic; 5.3.2 Capacitance to Frequency Converter; 5.3.3 Hardware Realization of the Circuit and Determination of the Response Characteristics of the Humidity Sensor; 5.4 A Microcontroller Compatible Oscillator Based Active Bridge Circuit for Interfacing Capacitive Sensors; 5.4.1 Working of the Circuit; 5.4.2 Experimental Verification of the Interface Circuit
5.5 An Impedance Measurement Technique for Wide-Range Lossy Capacitive Sensors5.5.1 Working of the Interface; 5.5.2 An Autobalance Active Bridge; 5.5.3 Experimental Results of the First Electronic Circuit; 5.5.4 Experimental Results of the Autobalancing Bridge; 5.6 Current Mode Oscillator Circuit for the Grounded Capacitive Sensors; 5.6.1 Current Conveyer Based Oscillator; 5.6.2 Experimental Verification of the Interface Circuit; 6 Conclusions; References; 3 A Simple Embedded Sensor: Excitation and Interfacing; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Type of Sensors; 2.1 Resistive Sensors
3.10 'Static' and 'Dynamic' Characteristics of a Sensor3.11 Frequency Response Characteristics of a Sensor; 3.12 Impulse Response Characteristics of a Sensor; 4 Model Based Analysis of a Sensor's Characteristic; 4.1 Modeling a Sensor; 4.2 The Laplace Transform; 4.3 Sensor's Performance Analysis Using Laplace Transform; 4.4 Analysis of the Behavior of a Sensor Using Transfer Function; 4.5 Operating Environment Based Characteristics of a Sensor; 5 Classification of Sensors; 5.1 Active and Passive Sensors; 5.2 Classification Based on a Sensor's Parameter(s); 6 Exercises
2 Advanced Interfacing Techniques for the Capacitive SensorsAbstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Capacitive Sensors for Sensing Applications; 2.1 Parallel Plate Capacitive Sensor; 2.2 Cylindrical Coaxial Capacitive Sensor; 2.3 Cylindrical Cross-Capacitor; 3 Precautions Necessary for the Use of the Capacitive Sensors; 3.1 Shielding of the Capacitive Sensor; 3.2 Guarding of the Capacitor Electrodes; 3.3 Shielded Cable and the Cable Length; 4 Lossy Capacitive Sensor; 5 Advancement in the Design of Electronics Interface for the Capacitive Sensors; 5.1 Introduction
5.2 Interface Electronics Circuit for the Capacitive Sensors5.3 Oscillator Based Transformer Ratio Arm Bridge for Interfacing the Capacitive Sensor; 5.3.1 Working of the Interface Electronic; 5.3.2 Capacitance to Frequency Converter; 5.3.3 Hardware Realization of the Circuit and Determination of the Response Characteristics of the Humidity Sensor; 5.4 A Microcontroller Compatible Oscillator Based Active Bridge Circuit for Interfacing Capacitive Sensors; 5.4.1 Working of the Circuit; 5.4.2 Experimental Verification of the Interface Circuit
5.5 An Impedance Measurement Technique for Wide-Range Lossy Capacitive Sensors5.5.1 Working of the Interface; 5.5.2 An Autobalance Active Bridge; 5.5.3 Experimental Results of the First Electronic Circuit; 5.5.4 Experimental Results of the Autobalancing Bridge; 5.6 Current Mode Oscillator Circuit for the Grounded Capacitive Sensors; 5.6.1 Current Conveyer Based Oscillator; 5.6.2 Experimental Verification of the Interface Circuit; 6 Conclusions; References; 3 A Simple Embedded Sensor: Excitation and Interfacing; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Type of Sensors; 2.1 Resistive Sensors