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Table of Contents
Acknowledgements; Contents; 1 Research Issues and Aims of the Study; 1.1 Project Background; 1.2 Scope; References; 2 Project Structure and Methodological Approach; 2.1 Project Structure; 2.2 Methodological Approach; 2.2.1 Sub-study on Red Kite (2007-2010); 2.2.2 Sub-study on Telemetric Monitoring of Montagu's Harriers (2007-2009); 2.2.3 Sub-study on White-Tailed Sea Eagle (2007-2010); 2.2.4 Sub-studies on Montagu's Harriers in the Hellweg Börde and in North Frisia (2007-2008); 2.2.5 Sub-study Analysis of the Circumstances of Bird of Prey Collisions (2007-2009)
2.2.6 Sub-study on Lattice Towers (2008)2.2.7 Band Model; 2.2.8 Sub-study on Bird of Prey Monitoring (2007-2009); References; 3 Red Kite; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Methods; 3.2.1 Study Areas; 3.2.2 Monitoring of the Population and the Reproduction Rate of Birds of Prey; 3.2.3 Telemetric Monitoring of Red Kite; 3.2.3.1 Number and Origin of the Tagged Red Kites; 3.2.3.2 Long-Term Monitoring via VHF and ARGOS GPS Tags; Data Acquisition; Evaluation of Telemetric Data; 3.2.3.3 Continuous Monitoring; Data Acquisition; Evaluation; 3.2.4 Individual-Related Behavioural Observations
3.2.5 Area-Related Behavioural Observations3.2.5.1 Data Acquisition; Evaluation; 3.2.6 Covering the Fallow Around Wind Turbine Towers with Agricultural Film; 3.2.7 Use of Specific Food Resources in the Speckberg Study Area; 3.2.7.1 Vantage Point Counts; 3.2.7.2 Area-Related Behavioural Observations; 3.2.8 Statistical Analysis; 3.3 Results; 3.3.1 Breeding Population and Reproduction; 3.3.2 Results-Telemetric Monitoring of Red Kite; 3.3.2.1 Seasonal Habitat Use; Home Ranges; Distance of Recorded Locations from the Nest; Approach of Wind Turbines and Stay in the Wind Farm
Possibilities to Reduce Overlap of Home Ranges with Wind Farm Areas by Keeping Areas Free of Wind Turbines3.3.2.2 Continuous Monitoring; Daily Home Ranges of Individual Birds; Daily Home Range and Activity; 3.3.2.3 Flight Altitudes; 3.3.2.4 Dangerous Situations; 3.3.3 Foraging and Land Use; 3.3.3.1 Use of Crops in Behavioural Observations in 2007 and 2008; 3.3.3.2 Use of Alfalfa Crops; Use of Selected Alfalfa Crops in 2010; 3.3.3.3 Use of the Composting Plant in 2010; 3.3.4 Use of Wind Farm Sites; 3.3.4.1 Behaviour of Red Kite Within and Outside Wind Farms
3.3.4.2 Frequency of Red Kites in Wind Farms3.3.4.3 Flights into the Risk Area of Wind Turbines; 3.3.5 Covering the Fallow Around Wind Turbine Towers with Agricultural Film; 3.4 Discussion; 3.4.1 Breeding Population and Reproduction; 3.4.2 Home Range Sizes; 3.4.3 Distance of Recorded Locations from the Nest; 3.4.4 Continuous Monitoring; 3.4.5 Stay and Habitat Use of Red Kite Within Wind Farms; 3.4.6 Covering the Turbine Base Area; 3.5 Conclusion; 3.6 Conclusions for Practical Measures; Acknowledgements; References; 4 Telemetric Monitoring of Montagu's Harrier in Schleswig-Holstein
2.2.6 Sub-study on Lattice Towers (2008)2.2.7 Band Model; 2.2.8 Sub-study on Bird of Prey Monitoring (2007-2009); References; 3 Red Kite; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Methods; 3.2.1 Study Areas; 3.2.2 Monitoring of the Population and the Reproduction Rate of Birds of Prey; 3.2.3 Telemetric Monitoring of Red Kite; 3.2.3.1 Number and Origin of the Tagged Red Kites; 3.2.3.2 Long-Term Monitoring via VHF and ARGOS GPS Tags; Data Acquisition; Evaluation of Telemetric Data; 3.2.3.3 Continuous Monitoring; Data Acquisition; Evaluation; 3.2.4 Individual-Related Behavioural Observations
3.2.5 Area-Related Behavioural Observations3.2.5.1 Data Acquisition; Evaluation; 3.2.6 Covering the Fallow Around Wind Turbine Towers with Agricultural Film; 3.2.7 Use of Specific Food Resources in the Speckberg Study Area; 3.2.7.1 Vantage Point Counts; 3.2.7.2 Area-Related Behavioural Observations; 3.2.8 Statistical Analysis; 3.3 Results; 3.3.1 Breeding Population and Reproduction; 3.3.2 Results-Telemetric Monitoring of Red Kite; 3.3.2.1 Seasonal Habitat Use; Home Ranges; Distance of Recorded Locations from the Nest; Approach of Wind Turbines and Stay in the Wind Farm
Possibilities to Reduce Overlap of Home Ranges with Wind Farm Areas by Keeping Areas Free of Wind Turbines3.3.2.2 Continuous Monitoring; Daily Home Ranges of Individual Birds; Daily Home Range and Activity; 3.3.2.3 Flight Altitudes; 3.3.2.4 Dangerous Situations; 3.3.3 Foraging and Land Use; 3.3.3.1 Use of Crops in Behavioural Observations in 2007 and 2008; 3.3.3.2 Use of Alfalfa Crops; Use of Selected Alfalfa Crops in 2010; 3.3.3.3 Use of the Composting Plant in 2010; 3.3.4 Use of Wind Farm Sites; 3.3.4.1 Behaviour of Red Kite Within and Outside Wind Farms
3.3.4.2 Frequency of Red Kites in Wind Farms3.3.4.3 Flights into the Risk Area of Wind Turbines; 3.3.5 Covering the Fallow Around Wind Turbine Towers with Agricultural Film; 3.4 Discussion; 3.4.1 Breeding Population and Reproduction; 3.4.2 Home Range Sizes; 3.4.3 Distance of Recorded Locations from the Nest; 3.4.4 Continuous Monitoring; 3.4.5 Stay and Habitat Use of Red Kite Within Wind Farms; 3.4.6 Covering the Turbine Base Area; 3.5 Conclusion; 3.6 Conclusions for Practical Measures; Acknowledgements; References; 4 Telemetric Monitoring of Montagu's Harrier in Schleswig-Holstein