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Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; About the Editor; Abbreviations; List of Figures; List of Tables; 1 Soft Computing for Metamaterial Structures; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Soft Computing Techniques; 1.2.1 Neural Network (NN); 1.2.2 Genetic Algorithm (GA); 1.2.3 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO); 1.2.4 Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO); 1.3 Trends in Soft Computing for Metamaterial Design; 1.4 Design of Metamaterial Structure Incorporating Soft Computing Optimization Techniques; 1.4.1 Genetic Algorithm; 1.4.2 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO); 1.4.3 Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO)
1.5 Linking Optimization Algorithm to EM Tools1.6 Conclusion; References; 2 Metamaterial-Based Miniaturized Planar Inverted-F Antenna; 2.1 Introduction; 2.1.1 PIFA System; 2.1.2 Applications of PIFA System; 2.1.3 Design Challenges; 2.2 Reviews on PIFA; 2.2.1 Basic PIFA System; 2.2.2 Miniaturization of PIFA; 2.2.3 Performance Enhancement of PIFA; 2.3 Background Theories for the Design of PIFA System; 2.3.1 Metamaterial Structure; 2.3.2 Specific Absorption Rate; 2.3.3 Optimization of PIFA Using PSO; 2.4 Design Methodology; 2.4.1 Design of a Conventional PIFA System in C-Band
2.4.2 Design of Metamaterials2.4.3 Design of PIFA Antenna Using SRR; 2.4.4 Design of PIFA Antenna Using PBG Substrate in S-Band; 2.4.5 Procedure to Calculate Impedance Bandwidth; 2.5 Conclusion; References; Suggested Bibiliography; 3 Electromagnetic Perspective of Tensors; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Tensors: A Mathematical Perspective; 3.2.1 Tensors of Rank 0; 3.2.2 Tensors of Rank 1; 3.2.3 Tensors of Rank Greater Than 1; 3.3 Importance of Tensor Analysis in Electromagnetics; 3.4 Scalars: An Electromagnetic Perspective; 3.4.1 Electric Charge as a Scalar; 3.4.2 Electric Charge Density as a Scalar
3.4.3 Electric Flux as a Scalar3.4.4 Dielectric Permittivity as a Scalar; 3.4.5 Electric Potential as a Scalar; 3.4.6 Divergence of a Vector Gives a Scalar; 3.5 Vectors: An Electromagnetic Perspective; 3.5.1 Electric Force Between Charges as a Vector; 3.5.2 Electric Field Intensity as a Vector; 3.5.3 Electric Dipole Moment as a Vector; 3.5.4 Electric Flux Density as a Vector; 3.5.5 Gradient of a Scalar as a Vector; 3.5.6 Curl of a Vector as a Rotational Vector; 3.5.7 Magnetic Field or Flux Lines Due to a Current-Carrying Wire as a Vector; 3.5.8 Magnetic Flux Density as a Vector
3.5.9 Force Due to a Current-Carrying Wire as a Vector3.5.10 Force Between Two Parallel Conductors Carrying Current as a Vector; 3.5.11 Torque and Magnetic Moment as Vectors; 3.5.12 Magnetic Field Intensity Vector; 3.5.13 Magnetic Vector Potential; 3.6 Tensors: An Electromagnetic Perspective; 3.6.1 Dyads: Tensors of Rank 2; 3.6.2 Dielectric Permittivity in Anisotropic Media as a Tensor; 3.6.3 Dielectric Permeability in Anisotropic Media as a Tensor; 3.6.4 Electric Susceptibility as a Tensor; 3.6.5 Electromagnetic Field Tensor; 3.7 Conclusion; References
1.5 Linking Optimization Algorithm to EM Tools1.6 Conclusion; References; 2 Metamaterial-Based Miniaturized Planar Inverted-F Antenna; 2.1 Introduction; 2.1.1 PIFA System; 2.1.2 Applications of PIFA System; 2.1.3 Design Challenges; 2.2 Reviews on PIFA; 2.2.1 Basic PIFA System; 2.2.2 Miniaturization of PIFA; 2.2.3 Performance Enhancement of PIFA; 2.3 Background Theories for the Design of PIFA System; 2.3.1 Metamaterial Structure; 2.3.2 Specific Absorption Rate; 2.3.3 Optimization of PIFA Using PSO; 2.4 Design Methodology; 2.4.1 Design of a Conventional PIFA System in C-Band
2.4.2 Design of Metamaterials2.4.3 Design of PIFA Antenna Using SRR; 2.4.4 Design of PIFA Antenna Using PBG Substrate in S-Band; 2.4.5 Procedure to Calculate Impedance Bandwidth; 2.5 Conclusion; References; Suggested Bibiliography; 3 Electromagnetic Perspective of Tensors; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Tensors: A Mathematical Perspective; 3.2.1 Tensors of Rank 0; 3.2.2 Tensors of Rank 1; 3.2.3 Tensors of Rank Greater Than 1; 3.3 Importance of Tensor Analysis in Electromagnetics; 3.4 Scalars: An Electromagnetic Perspective; 3.4.1 Electric Charge as a Scalar; 3.4.2 Electric Charge Density as a Scalar
3.4.3 Electric Flux as a Scalar3.4.4 Dielectric Permittivity as a Scalar; 3.4.5 Electric Potential as a Scalar; 3.4.6 Divergence of a Vector Gives a Scalar; 3.5 Vectors: An Electromagnetic Perspective; 3.5.1 Electric Force Between Charges as a Vector; 3.5.2 Electric Field Intensity as a Vector; 3.5.3 Electric Dipole Moment as a Vector; 3.5.4 Electric Flux Density as a Vector; 3.5.5 Gradient of a Scalar as a Vector; 3.5.6 Curl of a Vector as a Rotational Vector; 3.5.7 Magnetic Field or Flux Lines Due to a Current-Carrying Wire as a Vector; 3.5.8 Magnetic Flux Density as a Vector
3.5.9 Force Due to a Current-Carrying Wire as a Vector3.5.10 Force Between Two Parallel Conductors Carrying Current as a Vector; 3.5.11 Torque and Magnetic Moment as Vectors; 3.5.12 Magnetic Field Intensity Vector; 3.5.13 Magnetic Vector Potential; 3.6 Tensors: An Electromagnetic Perspective; 3.6.1 Dyads: Tensors of Rank 2; 3.6.2 Dielectric Permittivity in Anisotropic Media as a Tensor; 3.6.3 Dielectric Permeability in Anisotropic Media as a Tensor; 3.6.4 Electric Susceptibility as a Tensor; 3.6.5 Electromagnetic Field Tensor; 3.7 Conclusion; References