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Preface; Contents; 1: Genetic Improvement of Conventional and Nonconventional Yeasts for the Production of First- and Second-Generation Ethanol; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae; 1.3 Scheffersomyces (Pichia) stipitis; 1.4 Ogataea polymorpha; 1.5 Concluding Remarks; References; 2: High-Temperature Bioethanol Fermentation by Conventional and Nonconventional Yeasts; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Advantages of High-Temperature Fermentation; 2.2.1 Cooling Cost; 2.2.2 Contamination and Sterilization; 2.2.3 Viscosity of Fermentation Broth
2.2.4 Robustness Against Accidental Temperature Elevation2.2.5 Enzyme Activity; 2.3 Isolation of Natural Thermotolerant Ethanol-Producing Yeasts; 2.4 Yeast Immobilization for High-Temperature Fermentation; 2.5 High-Temperature SSF; 2.6 Pilot-Scale High-Temperature SSF Using K. marxianus; 2.7 Consolidated Bioprocessing by Genetically Engineered Yeasts; 2.8 Strain Improvement for High-Temperature Fermentation; 2.9 Thermotolerant Mechanism of Yeasts; 2.10 Conclusion; References; 3: Construction of Bakerś Yeast Strains with Enhanced Tolerance to Baking-Associated Stresses; 3.1 Introduction
3.2 Baking-Associated Stresses3.2.1 Freeze-Thaw Stress; 3.2.2 High-Sucrose Stress; 3.2.3 Air-Drying Stress; 3.3 Novel Approach and Mechanism for Baking-Associated Stress Tolerance; 3.3.1 Omics Approach to Identify the Genes Required for Stress Tolerance; 3.3.2 Nitric Oxide-Mediated Stress-Tolerant Mechanism Found in Yeast; 3.4 Conclusions and Future Perspective; References; 4: Anhydrobiosis and Dehydration of Yeasts; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Influence of Dehydration Treatment upon Yeast Cells; 4.2.1 Cell Wall; 4.2.2 Plasma Membrane; 4.2.3 Mitochondria; 4.2.4 Nucleus
4.2.5 Other Intracellular Organelles4.2.6 Intracellular Protective Reactions; 4.3 Some Aspects of Industrial Drying and Use of Dry Yeasts; 4.3.1 Fluidized Bed Drying; 4.3.2 Spray-Drying; 4.3.3 Air-Drying of Yeast; 4.3.4 Rehydration Stage; 4.3.5 Construction of New Strains; 4.3.6 Application of Active Dry Yeasts; 4.4 Conclusions; References; 5: Biotechnology of Glycerol Production and Conversion in Yeasts; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Glycerol Metabolism in Yeast Cells; 5.2.1 Glycerol Synthesis; 5.2.2 Glycerol Utilization; 5.2.3 Glycerol Transport Across Plasma Membrane
5.3 Glycerol Role in Yeast Cells5.3.1 Osmoregulation; 5.3.2 Redox Sink During S. cerevisiae Growth Under Anaerobic Conditions; 5.4 Methods of Glycerol Production; 5.5 Glycerol Production by the Yeast S. cerevisiae; 5.6 Glycerol Production by Osmotolerant Yeasts; 5.7 Glycerol Application in the Industry; 5.8 Glycerol Bioconversion to High-Value Chemicals; References; 6: Lipids of Yeasts and Filamentous Fungi and Their Importance for Biotechnology; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Oleaginous Fungi; 6.3 Biochemistry of Lipid Synthesis; 6.4 Production of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) by Fungi
2.2.4 Robustness Against Accidental Temperature Elevation2.2.5 Enzyme Activity; 2.3 Isolation of Natural Thermotolerant Ethanol-Producing Yeasts; 2.4 Yeast Immobilization for High-Temperature Fermentation; 2.5 High-Temperature SSF; 2.6 Pilot-Scale High-Temperature SSF Using K. marxianus; 2.7 Consolidated Bioprocessing by Genetically Engineered Yeasts; 2.8 Strain Improvement for High-Temperature Fermentation; 2.9 Thermotolerant Mechanism of Yeasts; 2.10 Conclusion; References; 3: Construction of Bakerś Yeast Strains with Enhanced Tolerance to Baking-Associated Stresses; 3.1 Introduction
3.2 Baking-Associated Stresses3.2.1 Freeze-Thaw Stress; 3.2.2 High-Sucrose Stress; 3.2.3 Air-Drying Stress; 3.3 Novel Approach and Mechanism for Baking-Associated Stress Tolerance; 3.3.1 Omics Approach to Identify the Genes Required for Stress Tolerance; 3.3.2 Nitric Oxide-Mediated Stress-Tolerant Mechanism Found in Yeast; 3.4 Conclusions and Future Perspective; References; 4: Anhydrobiosis and Dehydration of Yeasts; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Influence of Dehydration Treatment upon Yeast Cells; 4.2.1 Cell Wall; 4.2.2 Plasma Membrane; 4.2.3 Mitochondria; 4.2.4 Nucleus
4.2.5 Other Intracellular Organelles4.2.6 Intracellular Protective Reactions; 4.3 Some Aspects of Industrial Drying and Use of Dry Yeasts; 4.3.1 Fluidized Bed Drying; 4.3.2 Spray-Drying; 4.3.3 Air-Drying of Yeast; 4.3.4 Rehydration Stage; 4.3.5 Construction of New Strains; 4.3.6 Application of Active Dry Yeasts; 4.4 Conclusions; References; 5: Biotechnology of Glycerol Production and Conversion in Yeasts; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Glycerol Metabolism in Yeast Cells; 5.2.1 Glycerol Synthesis; 5.2.2 Glycerol Utilization; 5.2.3 Glycerol Transport Across Plasma Membrane
5.3 Glycerol Role in Yeast Cells5.3.1 Osmoregulation; 5.3.2 Redox Sink During S. cerevisiae Growth Under Anaerobic Conditions; 5.4 Methods of Glycerol Production; 5.5 Glycerol Production by the Yeast S. cerevisiae; 5.6 Glycerol Production by Osmotolerant Yeasts; 5.7 Glycerol Application in the Industry; 5.8 Glycerol Bioconversion to High-Value Chemicals; References; 6: Lipids of Yeasts and Filamentous Fungi and Their Importance for Biotechnology; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Oleaginous Fungi; 6.3 Biochemistry of Lipid Synthesis; 6.4 Production of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) by Fungi